12 Questions
What is the primary difference between endorphins and exogenous opioids like morphine?
Endorphins bind to surface receptors, while exogenous opioids bind internally within the cell.
What can lead to an increase in the reward value of cues associated with drugs of abuse?
Generation of larger 'better than expected' signals compared to natural rewards
How can operant conditioning influence prejudiced behaviors according to the text?
Reinforcement by social rewards or relief from threats
What can lead individuals to imitate prejudiced behaviors, as discussed in the text?
Seeing others being praised for expressing prejudiced attitudes
How do people develop fear responses towards certain groups according to the text?
Repeating negative experiences with a certain group
What was highlighted by the Dunn and Askew (2013) study regarding fear beliefs in children?
'Better than expected' signals persist over successive encounters.
What is the role of dopamine spikes in learning?
Facilitating the reinforcement of neural connections
What does prediction error refer to?
The discrepancy between expected and actual outcomes
How does the magnitude of dopamine spikes relate to prediction error?
It correlates positively with prediction error magnitude
What is the consequence of excessive dopamine spikes in response to addictive substances like opioids?
Contribution to addiction by reinforcing associations between substances and rewards
When do dopamine spikes occur in response to unexpected rewards?
Before learning has occurred
What happens to dopamine spikes after learning has occurred?
They become more associated with cues or predictors of rewards
Learn about the role of dopamine spikes in learning processes and prediction error. Explore how neuron firing rates and addiction are related to dopamine levels. Understand the changes in dopamine spikes before and after learning has occurred.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
