Dopamine Hydrochloride Overview

Study Notes

Dopamine Hydrochloride Overview

Generic Name: Dopamine Hydrochloride
Trade Name: Intropine

Classification

Adrenergic agent that mimics the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Vasopressor that effectively raises blood pressure.
Functions as an inotropic agent to increase the force and speed of cardiac muscle contractions.

Mechanism of Action

Enhances cardiac contractility and increases the heart rate.
Causes constriction of systemic vasculature, resulting in elevated blood pressure.

Clinical Indications

Used in managing cardiogenic, septic, or distributive shock.
Effective for hypotension accompanied by low cardiac output.
Serves as a second-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia.

Administration Route

Delivered intravenously (IV) or intraosseously (IO) via drip.

Contraindications

Not suitable for use in hypovolemic shock.
Avoid in patients with tachydysrhythmias or ventricular fibrillation.
Contraindicated in cases of pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor).

Adverse Effects

Possible side effects include headaches, anxiety, dyspnea, and various dysrhythmias.
Risk of hypotension, palpitations, chest pain, and increased myocardial oxygen demand.
Nausea and vomiting may occur, along with tissue necrosis if the intravenous line fails.

Special Considerations

Dosage for beta effects is between 5-10 mcg/kg/min to enhance cardiac rate and contractility.
Dosage for alpha effects is between 10-20 mcg/kg/min, promoting vasoconstriction and increasing blood pressure.
The drug is incompatible with sodium bicarbonate.
Use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can amplify the effects of dopamine.

Dosage Range

Administered at a rate of 2-20 mcg/kg/min.

Description

This quiz covers Dopamine Hydrochloride, focusing on its classification, mechanism of action, clinical indications, and administration routes. Understand how this adrenergic agent functions in different medical situations, particularly in shock management and bradycardia treatment.