Understanding Diabetes Symptoms and Types

False (B)

Type 1

<p>Less than 7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&lt; 5.7% = Normal blood glucose levels 5.7-6.4% = Prediabetes ≥ 6.5% = Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulin resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humalog (insulin lispro) (A), Apidra (insulin glulisine) (B), NovoLog (insulin aspart) (D), Admelog (insulin lispro) (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>~5-10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>niacinamide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ultra-rapid acting insulin = 3-5 hours Rapid acting insulin = 3-5 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humalog (insulin lispro) (B), Admelog (insulin lispro) (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>subcutaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>buttocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lyumjev (insulin lispro-aabc) (A), Admelog (insulin lispro) (C), Apidra (insulin glulisine) (D), Fiasp (insulin aspart) (E), Humalog (insulin lispro) (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide basal insulin coverage for 12-24 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humulin R U-100 = 30 minutes Afrezza = 12-20 minutes Humulin N = 1.5 hours Humulin R U-500 = 30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humulin R U-500 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.5-3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>intermediate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lantus (Insulin glargine) (A), Basaglar (Insulin glargine) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humulin N (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.5 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Novolin N = 12-24 hours Humalin U-500 = 13-24 hours Lantus (Insulin glargine) = ~24 hours Basaglar (Insulin glargine) = ~24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>once to twice daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>basal insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T2DM typically has a sudden onset. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prediabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Undiagnosed diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong association with obesity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poorly controlled diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, blurred vision, fatigue, slow healing, dry mouth, and frequent infections.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune β-cell destruction, insulin dependency, younger onset, and a lean body type.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) involves insulin resistance, gradual onset, obesity association, and may not require insulin initially.

Diabetes is indicated by A1c ≥ 6.5%, prediabetes by A1c 5.7–6.4%, and normal is A1c < 5.7%.

A1c measures average blood glucose over ~3 months by detecting sugar attached to hemoglobin.

A1c goals vary, but most patients aim for an A1c below 7% for good management.

Ultra-rapid acting insulin with a 5-10 min onset and 3-5 hr duration.

Ultra-rapid acting insulin with a 15 min onset and 3-5 hr duration.

Rapid acting insulin injected 15 min before or immediately after meals; 15-30 min onset, 3-5 hr duration.

Rapid acting insulin with a 15-30 min onset; to be injected prior to or just after meals, duration 3-5 hr.

Rapid acting insulin injected 10-20 min before meals, with a 3-5 hr duration.

Rapid acting insulin with a 20 min onset, injected 15 min before or 20 min after a meal; duration is 3-5 hr.

The time insulin starts to lower blood glucose levels after administration.

The length of time insulin effectively lowers blood glucose levels post-injection.

Type of insulin administration involving injection into fatty tissue for absorption.

Ultra-rapid has faster onset; Rapid takes a little longer to start.

A rapid-acting insulin type; administer 1 to 2 times daily for 24-hour coverage.

A concentrated insulin; check glucose to prevent stacking; inject 30 mins before meals.

Insulin type effective for 24 hours; examples include Lantus and Basaglar.

A brand of long-acting insulin; onset ~1.5 hours, duration ~24 hours.

Another brand of long-acting insulin similar to Lantus; same onset and duration.

The time it takes for insulin to start lowering blood glucose after injection.

The length of time insulin remains active in the body to manage glucose levels.

Time recommendation for insulin injection to ensure effectiveness during meals.

Evaluate if every meal needs insulin prior to administration to avoid stacking.

Giving additional insulin without sufficient time between doses, risking hypoglycemia.

Regular insulin has an onset of 30 minutes after injection.

The duration of action for regular insulin is approximately 8 hours.

Humulin R U-100 is a short-acting regular insulin used before meals.

Novolin R U-100 is another brand of short-acting regular insulin.

Afrezza is an inhaled form of regular insulin with an onset of 12-20 minutes.

Humulin N has an onset of 1.5 hours after injection.

The duration for Humulin N is 12-24 hours.

Humulin N is injected once to twice daily for basal coverage.

Short-acting insulin like regular insulin works quickly; intermediate acting like Humulin N lasts longer.

Classic symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.

Temporary vision changes due to osmotic changes from high glucose.

Feeling tired due to the body's inability to utilize glucose for energy.

Type 1 Diabetes has a sudden onset, often during childhood.

Type 2 Diabetes typically develops in adults but is rising in children.

Autoimmune destruction of β-cells leading to insulin dependence.

An A1c level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.

A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% indicate prediabetes.

Individuals with T1DM require insulin for survival.

Type 2 Diabetes has a strong association with obesity.