20 Questions
What is the purpose of blinding in a clinical trial?
To prevent bias and reduce the influence of expectations
What is the key ethical basis for randomized trials when experts lack consensus on alternatives?
Equipoise
Why is randomization considered pivotal in clinical trials?
To ensure unbiased group allocation and valid statistical comparisons
What does the intention-to-treat principle involve in clinical trials?
Analyzing participants as initially assigned, regardless of treatment completion
What is the primary aim of a clinical trial?
To generate evidence supporting the approval and use of interventions for various health conditions
What is the main purpose of the null hypothesis in a scientific experiment or statistical analysis?
To be tested and either accepted or rejected based on observed data
Which of the following is a common criterion for a variable to qualify as a surrogate endpoint?
It should fully reflect treatment effects and cause the true endpoint
In clinical research, what does the Intention-to-Treat (ITT) analysis aim to prevent?
Treatment bias
What is the significance level used for in determining the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis?
To set the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis
What does Relative Risk (Risk Ratio) measure in comparison of risk between two groups?
The risk of an event in one group relative to another group's risk
What is the primary purpose of blinding in a clinical trial?
To prevent bias during data analysis
What is the significance of the intention-to-treat principle in clinical trials?
It ensures that participants are analyzed based on their initial assignment, regardless of treatment completion
Why is equipoise considered an ethical basis for randomized trials?
It reflects genuine uncertainty about the comparative therapeutic merits in a trial
What is the primary purpose of randomization in clinical trials?
To ensure that all participants have an equal chance of being allocated to any treatment group
What does blinding aim to prevent in a clinical trial?
Bias during data analysis
What is the purpose of the null hypothesis in a scientific experiment or statistical analysis?
To be tested and either accepted or rejected based on observed data
What does the type I error (α) signify in statistical analysis?
It determines the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis
What is the main purpose of conducting an Intention-to-Treat (ITT) analysis in clinical trials?
To prevent bias by including all participants as initially assigned, regardless of treatment adherence
What does Relative Risk (Risk Ratio) measure in comparison of risk between two groups?
It compares the risk of an event between two groups, showcasing how one group's risk relates to another's
What does Absolute Risk represent in a specific group or population?
The percentage of people developing a disease within a given population
Explore the fundamental concepts of clinical trials, particularly the randomized controlled trial approach. Learn about the process of testing medical interventions, including new drugs and treatments, with the goal of generating evidence to support their approval and usage for diverse health conditions.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
