Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for successful learning goals?
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for successful learning goals?
Concrete and empathic feedback is recommended for teacher training.
Concrete and empathic feedback is recommended for teacher training.
True
What statistical method was used to compare feedback quality?
What statistical method was used to compare feedback quality?
ANOVA with Bonferroni posthoc tests
A good learning goal should consider __________ taxonomy of action verbs.
A good learning goal should consider __________ taxonomy of action verbs.
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Match the following prompts with their feedback quality results:
Match the following prompts with their feedback quality results:
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What is one aspect that prompt 3 outperformed the other prompts in?
What is one aspect that prompt 3 outperformed the other prompts in?
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Feedback should never include questions to stimulate learning.
Feedback should never include questions to stimulate learning.
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How many feedbacks were conducted for each prompt?
How many feedbacks were conducted for each prompt?
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Which of the following verbs is suggested for recognizing right triangles?
Which of the following verbs is suggested for recognizing right triangles?
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The feedback suggests that 'understand' is a measurable action verb.
The feedback suggests that 'understand' is a measurable action verb.
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What is a proposed goal for using the Pythagorean theorem?
What is a proposed goal for using the Pythagorean theorem?
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What is the maximum score for feedback that does not include errors regarding learning goals?
What is the maximum score for feedback that does not include errors regarding learning goals?
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In terms of feedback, a connection between content and goal should be made more __________.
In terms of feedback, a connection between content and goal should be made more __________.
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Feedback written in first person throughout receives a score of 0.
Feedback written in first person throughout receives a score of 0.
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Match the terms with their meanings:
Match the terms with their meanings:
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What type of question is encouraged to clarify the learning outcomes?
What type of question is encouraged to clarify the learning outcomes?
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What is one major issue identified in the learning goal?
What is one major issue identified in the learning goal?
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All forms of feedback are equally effective in helping students achieve learning goals.
All forms of feedback are equally effective in helping students achieve learning goals.
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The feedback that includes several content errors regarding learning goals would score _____ on the scale.
The feedback that includes several content errors regarding learning goals would score _____ on the scale.
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How might a learning goal be refined according to the feedback?
How might a learning goal be refined according to the feedback?
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Match the type of feedback with its corresponding score:
Match the type of feedback with its corresponding score:
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What specific skill or understanding should students hope to gain from a lesson?
What specific skill or understanding should students hope to gain from a lesson?
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No questions posed during feedback scores 1 point.
No questions posed during feedback scores 1 point.
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A feedback score of 1 is given for a clarification question _____.
A feedback score of 1 is given for a clarification question _____.
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Study Notes
The Promises and Pitfalls of ChatGPT as a Feedback Provider in Higher Education: An Exploratory Study of Prompt Engineering and the Quality of AI-Driven Feedback
- ChatGPT, version GPT-4, is the most powerful generative pre-trained transformer
- There's a lack of empirical studies investigating the quality and use of ChatGPT in higher education
- Research questions:
- What prompt is needed for high-quality AI feedback in higher education?
- What are the differences in feedback quality and accuracy between novice, expert, and AI feedback?
- A learning goal with three errors was formulated, and a theory-based manual was developed to determine prompt quality
- Three prompts of varying quality were developed and used to generate feedback using ChatGPT
- Only the prompt with the highest quality consistently generated high-quality feedback
- Both expert and AI feedback demonstrate significantly higher quality than novice feedback
- AI feedback is faster than expert feedback
- A manual for prompt generation is needed to ensure both prompt and output quality
- Ethical and data privacy concerns related to using ChatGPT in higher education need to be discussed
Introduction
- Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is a potent tool in machine learning, enabling the generation of new multimedia content
- Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPT) models, like ChatGPT, generate human-like text in various languages
- ChatGPT, with GPT-4, is the most powerful GPT currently available
- Though widely used in various contexts, there's a lack of comprehensive empirical research on the quality and use of AI systems like ChatGPT in higher education
- Feedback is essential in higher education, but finding sufficient human resources to provide high-quality feedback is often a challenge
- Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) offers the opportunity for personalized, flexible, inclusive, and engaging learning, potentially optimizing teaching and learning processes in higher education (HE) institutions.
Theoretical Background
- AI in higher education is rapidly evolving, but there's an urgent need to improve understanding of its potential and limitations in this field
- ChatGPT, a text-generating AI model, has the potential to fulfill numerous educational roles, such as assisting students with writing and grading student work, and facilitating communication
- AIEd tools, including ChatGPT, can potentially enrich student engagement, collaboration, and accessibility in education
Prompt Engineering for Generative AI in Higher Education
- Prompt engineering is crucial for generating high-quality outputs from AI language models, like ChatGPT
- The quality of prompts is critical for AI feedback; it is crucial to address the relevance of prompt engineering.
- A manual for prompt engineering has been proposed as a way to analyze the prompt quality, by incorporating several factors such as context, question, format, and examples
- The CLEAR framework was mentioned for the analysis of prompt quality (concise, logical, explicit, adaptive, and reflective)
Feedback
- Feedback is vital for individual and institutional learning and development
- It's often challenging for institutions to ensure high-quality feedback due to resource limitations
- Experts often express concerns about the insufficient time dedicated for delivering high-quality feedback
- AI feedback can be time-efficient, and, potentially, higher quality than human-generated feedback
Novice and Expert Feedback
- Expert feedback is typically characterized with a first-person perspective and more situation-specific comments
- Novice feedback often lacks sufficient specificity, alternative suggestions, and poses fewer reflective questions
Coding of the Feedback
- Student employees, trained by researchers, coded the AI feedback to assess its quality, using a coding manual
- Fleiss kappa was used to measure the inter-coder reliability in the coding process
Method of Analyses
- The quality of the feedback generated by AI was compared to feedback given by experts and novices
- Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS to assess the differences in feedback quality between different types of feedback
- One-way analyses of variance, followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests, were used to analyze the differences in feedback quality
Differences between Prompts and their Output
- Prompt quality significantly impacted the quality of feedback
- Prompts with the highest quality resulted in consistently higher-quality AI feedback compared to prompts of lower quality
- AI feedback consistently surpassed novice feedback in quality, matching or exceeding that of expert feedback
Discussion & Conclusion
- AI-generated feedback, particularly via ChatGPT, demonstrates promising potential, especially regarding efficiency
- However, ethical and data-related dimensions of ChatGPT should be carefully considered
- Prompt quality is critical for achieving high-quality AI-generated feedback, and prompt engineering is crucial to ensuring feedback effectiveness and quality.
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Description
This quiz explores the potential of ChatGPT as a feedback provider in higher education. It addresses the importance of prompt engineering and evaluates the quality of feedback generated by AI compared to novice and expert sources. Test your knowledge on the implications of AI in academic settings and the effectiveness of different prompts.
