33 Questions
What is the function of the cell membrane?
It is a permeable and selective barrier that separates the external environment from the inside of the cell.
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a differentiated nucleus with complex DNA and numerous organelles.
What is true about multicellular organisms?
They are made up of several cells grouped together and specialized in certain functions within the organism itself.
What is found inside a eukaryotic cell?
Cytoplasm and numerous organelles.
What happens when cells resembling each other group together?
They form tissues which are organized into organs and systems.
What is the role of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
Allow the cell to carry out its functions.
What distinguishes unicellular organisms from multicellular organisms?
Unicellular organisms are made up of one cell, while multicellular organisms are made up of several cells grouped together and specialized in certain functions within the organism itself.
What does the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell contain?
Genetic material (DNA).
What is the main characteristic that distinguishes animal eukaryotic cells?
Presence of organelles allowing it to carry out its functions and a differentiated nucleus with complex DNA.
What is the composition of the Phospholipid Bilayer?
40-50% lipids and 60% proteins
Where are the non-polar tails of phospholipids located in the membrane?
On the inside of the membrane
What is the function of cholesterol in the phospholipid bilayer?
Regulates fluidity of the membrane and limits movement
Where are glycolipids located in the membrane?
Between the phospholipids
What are integral proteins also known as?
'Transmembrane' proteins
What is the function of transport proteins in the membrane?
Facilitate movement of molecules across the membrane
Where are glycolipids located in the phospholipid bilayer?
Between the phospholipids
What is the function of cholesterol in the phospholipid bilayer?
Regulate fluidity of the membrane
What are integral proteins also known as?
Transmembrane proteins
What is the main function of transport proteins in the membrane?
Join molecules to take them from one side of the membrane to the other
Where is protoplasm found in a cell?
$Cytoplasm$
What is the composition of the Phospholipid Bilayer?
40-50% lipids, 60% proteins
What joins molecules to take them from one side of the membrane to the other?
Transport proteins
What forms a double layer with non-polar tails on the inside of the membrane?
Phospholipids
What is located in the spaces between unsaturated tails in a phospholipid bilayer?
Cholesterol
Which type of protein completely crosses the membrane?
Integral (transmembrane) proteins
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
Regulates interactions with other cells and controls the movement of substances
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Presence of a differentiated nucleus and numerous organelles
What happens when cells resembling each other group together?
They form tissues, which are organized into organs and systems
Where are glycolipids located in the cell membrane?
On the outer surface of the membrane
What is the composition of the Phospholipid Bilayer?
Two layers of phospholipids with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward
What is true about multicellular organisms?
They are made up of several cells grouped together and specialized in certain functions
What is found inside a eukaryotic cell?
Cytoplasm, organelles, and genetic material within a differentiated nucleus
What is the role of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
They allow the cell to carry out its functions
Study Notes
Cell Structure and Function
- The cell membrane is semi-permeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while keeping others out.
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells
- Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, distinguishing them from prokaryotic cells.
- Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Multicellular Organisms
- Multicellular organisms are composed of multiple cells that work together to form tissues and organs.
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
- Inside a eukaryotic cell, you can find a nucleus, organelles, and protoplasm.
- The nucleus contains genetic material.
Organelles and Cellular Function
- Organelles perform specific functions within the cell, such as protein synthesis, energy production, and waste management.
- Organelles are bound by a membrane and found within the eukaryotic cell.
Cell Membrane Composition
- The phospholipid bilayer is composed of a double layer of phospholipids, with polar heads facing outward and non-polar tails facing inward.
- The non-polar tails are located in the interior of the membrane.
- Cholesterol is embedded in the phospholipid bilayer, providing fluidity and flexibility.
- Glycolipids are located on the outer surface of the membrane.
Proteins and Cell Membrane Function
- Integral proteins, also known as transmembrane proteins, completely cross the membrane.
- Transport proteins facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane.
Cellular Organization
- Protoplasm is the region of the cell where metabolic processes occur.
- When cells resembling each other group together, they form tissues.
Cell Membrane Function
- The cell membrane regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
- It also maintains the cell's shape and provides mechanical support.
Test your knowledge about the structure and function of cells, from unicellular organisms to eukaryotic cells and human cells. Learn about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the specialized functions of human cells.
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