Understanding Cancer Cell Differentiation and Tumor Markers

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What is the significance of cells looking more abnormal in cancer?

Has no impact on cancer progression.

Indicates a more aggressive cancer and faster growth and spread. (correct)

Indicates a less aggressive cancer and slower growth and spread.

Leads to a stationary phase in cancer growth.

In tumor grading, what does G1 represent?

Undifferentiated or most abnormal cells.

Moderately differentiated cells.

Poorly differentiated cells.

Well-differentiated or more normal cells. (correct)

What are tumor markers used for?

To predict patient survival after treatment.

To replace diagnostic tests for cancer.

To define tumor stages only.

To monitor response to treatment and detect recurrence. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a key risk factor that can be modified to prevent cancer?

Exposure to urban air pollution. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the TNM classification system in cancer?

To stage the cancer based on tumor, nodal involvement, and metastasis. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to get vaccinated against hepatitis B and HPV for cancer prevention?

To reduce the risk of liver and cervical cancer respectively. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of TNM classification in cancer?

To classify tumors based on their size, regional lymph node involvement, and presence of distant metastasis Signup and view all the answers

In tumor grading, what does the degree of cell differentiation refer to?

How closely the cancer cells resemble normal cells under a microscope Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cancer indicates that the tumor has spread to distant parts of the body?

Stage IV Signup and view all the answers

How do cancer cells differ from normal cells with respect to blood vessel growth?

Cancer cells instruct blood vessels to grow towards tumors Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tumor markers in cancer diagnosis?

To help in screening, diagnosing, and monitoring cancer Signup and view all the answers

What role does the immune system play in the progression of cancer cells?

The immune system protects cancer cells from the tumor itself Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate description of tumor staging?

The process of determining the advancement of a tumor based on its size, location, and spread Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes tumor grading?

The process of determining the malignancy of a tumor based on its appearance under a microscope Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect of cancer progression?

The process of cancer cells becoming more resistant to treatment Signup and view all the answers

In TNM classification, what does the 'N' stand for?

Node Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tumor markers in cancer diagnosis?

They are used to confirm the diagnosis of a specific type of cancer Signup and view all the answers

Understanding Cancer Cell Differentiation and Tumor Markers

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