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16 Questions

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Understanding Basic Research: Historical Semantics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of the article?

The difference between basic and applied research

The attack on basic research

The societal utility of basic research

The historical semantics of basic research (correct)

When did the concept of basic research emerge?

After 1945

During the Cold War

Late 19th and early 20th centuries (correct)

Before the Second World War

What led to the revival of the purity discourse in the US?

Need to reform federal research policy after the Second World War (correct)

The atomic era and ethical dilemmas in science and technology

The tense political climate during the Cold War

Rising expectations regarding the societal utility of science

What was the motivation for scientists to use the concept of basic research?

To bridge the gap between societal utility and scientific uncertainty Signup and view all the answers

What shaped the notion of basic research after 1945?

United States science policy Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason for the tension in defining basic research?

Rising expectations regarding scientific utility Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of analyzing Germany and the US in this study?

To trace the emergence and evolution of specific understandings of the role of science in society Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the article mainly revolves around Germany's older pure-science ideals?

The first section Signup and view all the answers

What does the author argue about the concepts of basic research and fundamental research?

They emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries Signup and view all the answers

Why was the third section on US science policy from the Second World War until the early 1960s included in the article?

To compare US and German science policies during that period Signup and view all the answers

What significance does the author attribute to the term 'basic research' in science policy?

It was established as a key concept after 1945 Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Second World War and the post-war period require a more comparative perspective according to the article?

Due to similar political demands and requirements faced by US and German scientists Signup and view all the answers

What role did US policy play for the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) after 1945?

It shaped the notion of basic research for West Germany Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between scientific research during the Nazi period and fundamental principles of science according to the article?

It represented a turning away from all fundamental principles of science Signup and view all the answers

What approach will be used to structure the empirical discussion before commencing the empirical analysis?

'Historical semantics' approach Signup and view all the answers

'Scientists used these concepts to bridge the gap between the promise of utility and the uncertainty of scientific endeavor' - What concepts is this statement referring to?

'Basic research' and 'fundamental research' Signup and view all the answers