Understanding Art: Definitions and Forms

• Art is crafted by people of all backgrounds across time, contributing uniquely to human culture by portraying various subjects.

Defining Art

• The term "art" comes from the Latin "ars," meaning "skill," originating from the Aryan root "AR," signifying joining or assembling.
• Art is purposeful expression of human creativity that evokes feeling.
• Anything created by humans is considered cultural.

Contemporary Art Evolution

• Figurative and non-figurative arts were developed in the 70s with media such as Multimedia, mixed media and Trans media.
• Contemporary art is the art of the present day.
• Traditional arts often revolve around animism.

Art Forms Defined

• Architecture: The art of designing and constructing buildings.
• Arts: Expression or application of human creativity.
• Dance: Expression represented by sequenced body movement synchronized with music.
• Drawing: Technique of producing images on a surface using marks.
• Literary arts: Literature, including poetry and prose.
• Music: Creative use of sound to express insights and emotions.
• Painting: Application of pigment in wet or dry form.
• Performance Art: Live art using the human body and other art forms.
• Photography: Image created by light exposure on a light-sensitive material.
• Sculpture: Carving or modeling from various materials.
• Theatre: Collaborative art enacting stories through speech, dance, music, and movement.
• Visual arts: Art forms expressing through visual means.
• Weaving: Interlacing materials to create fabrics.

Elements of Visual Arts

• Color allows differentiation of objects. Hue, saturation, chromaticity, and value are its properties; communicating information and emotion.
• Line is a prolongation of a point that is the foundation of aesthetic expression.
• Shape & Mass: Shape is an area with defined boundaries. Mass, unlike shape, is three-dimensional.
• Space is the area occupied by or surrounding a subject. Perspective creates the illusion of space.
• Time and Motion in visual arts can be an illusion or actual movement, common in kinetic sculpture.
• Value shows lightness and darkness of color to show light source and more.
• Value: Refers to the lightness and darkness of color.

Principles of Composition

• Balance refers to equal distribution of weight.
• Emphasis gives importance to a unit or area.
• Harmony unites a composition.
• Movement: Fundamental in choreography and theater.
• Proportion creates pleasing shapes.
• Rhythm is a regular, repeated pattern.
• Subordination gives less importance to a unit or area.

Art in Philippine History

• Islamic Period began with Sayyid Abbubakar in Sulu, with Islam arriving in the 14th century.
• Japanese occupation was the darkest period.
• Pre-colonial period: Indigenous Filipinos had their own art forms.
• Spanish colonization: Focused on Christianity, modernized architecture, and urban development.

Notable Art and Artists

• Banog-banog courtship dance mimicking birds.
• Baroque Style is characterized by grandeur, drama, elaborate details.
• Bulul granary god.
• Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Yslas Filipinas is the first scientific map of the Philippines.
• Cruciform Churches in the shape of the Latin cross churches were built.
• Damian Domingo established the first art school in Manila in 1821.
• Felix Hidalgo won a silver medal for La Pintura in 1884.
• Juan Luna painted España y Filipinas.
• Kulintang is an array of bossed gongs.
• Letras y Figuras combines names and vignettes of everyday life.
• Malong has tapestry panels called langkit.
• Pis syabit headpiece woven by Tausug.
• Plateria features organic designs of hammered silver.
• Tinikling mimics movements of cranes.

OLFU Information

• The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.

OLFU Vision

• To be a premier inclusive university of choice aspiring to improve people through education and value formation.

OLFU Mission

• To improve humanity through holistic formation of individuals with knowledge, skills, and virtues.

OLFU Core Values: RISE

• Respect
• Integrity
• Service
• Excellence

OLFU Graduate Attributes: ACHIEVER

• Aspirational
• Compassionate
• Honorable
• Inspiring
• Ethical
• Visionary
• Efficient
• Responsible