Contemporary Art Forms Quiz

Nature and Importance of Art

Art originates from the Latin ars/artis, meaning creation or craftsmanship.
Functions as a non-verbal medium for expressing ideas, emotions, and feelings.
Enhances self-expression and personal development.
Encourages alternative perspectives and unveils hidden truths.
Contributes to personal pleasure and satisfaction.

Functions of Art

Primary form of human expression and representation of beauty.
Provides relaxation and spiritual contentment.
Channels individual passion and promotes personal transformation.
Helps alleviate feelings of unrest and solitude.

Contemporary Art Forms in the Philippines

Art forms utilize regional materials and traditional practices.
Vacul: Traditional headgear by the Iyatans of Batanes made from vuyaxuy palm fibers.
Cordillera Art: Vases and statues used in harvest thanksgivings, marriages, and funerals.
Moriones Festival: Features morion masks symbolizing Roman soldiers, adorned with vibrant colors.
Maskara Festival: Celebrated in Bacolod, known for its smiling face masks; Bacolod is dubbed the "City of Smiles."
Tattoos in Panay: Symbolize valor; known as pinta, leading to the region’s nickname “Pintados.”
Mindanao Vintas: Colorful outrigger boats, significant for fishing and transportation.

Art Materials

Bamboo: Versatile raw material used in various crafts and construction.
Buri: Durable palm fiber used for making hats, baskets, and more.
Pandan: Processed into splints for crafts.

Maranao Art

Features the okir motif, often depicting colorful birds or scroll designs symbolizing good fortune.

Abaca Fiber

Strong banana family fiber, used for various products including slippers and ropes.

Classifications of Art Forms

Performing Arts

Encompasses movement and bodily expression.
Includes plays, movies, live music, operas, and dances.

Visual Arts

Exists as static, two-dimensional works such as paintings and photography.

Literature

Contains prose and poetry, focusing on imaginative writing.

Sculptural Arts

Encompasses three-dimensional works such as monuments and architecture.

Real Art

Representational and straightforward; includes photography and sculpture.

Abstract Art

Focuses on technique and style rather than representational content.

National Artists of the Philippines

The National Artists Award recognizes significant contributions to Philippine art across various genres.
Selection criteria include Filipino citizenship, contributions to nation-building, and excellence in artistic practice.

Notable National Artists

Leandro V. Locsin: Architect known for the Istana Nurul Iman.
Vicente Manansala: Painter associated with visions that blend realism and abstraction.
Fernando Amorsolo: First National Artist; renowned for his mastery of light and rural landscapes.
Catalino "Lino" Ortiz Brocka: Director focused on social issues in film.
Carlos "Botong" Francisco: Resurrector of mural art in the Philippines.

National Living Treasures

Awarded to individuals who have preserved indigenous arts, skills, and cultural heritage for at least fifty years.
Recognizes mastery in tools and distinctive artistry, along with a commitment to passing skills to community members.

Historical Context

Pre-Colonial Art: Features petroglyphs, jade ornaments, and jewelry indicative of early craftsmanship.
Spanish Colonial Influence: Introduced formal painting and sculpture inspired by European styles; predominantly religious themes.
American Colonial Period: Introduced significant artists such as Damian Domingo and Juan Luna, establishing modern Philippine art.

Conclusion

Recognizing and understanding contemporary forms of art in various Philippine regions provides insights into cultural heritage and artistic innovation.### Elements of Art
Elements of art are foundational components used by artists to create and design artworks.
Line: Defined as a mark connecting two points, it can take various forms and directions.
Form: Refers to three-dimensional shapes (e.g., cube, pyramid) and can be enhanced by tone, texture, and color.
Texture: Describes the surface quality, created through techniques like lines and shading.
Shape: Involves areas in two-dimensional space defined by their edges, differentiating one space from another.
Space: Encompasses both two-dimensional (length and width) and three-dimensional spaces (length, width, and height).
Positive Space: Represents the main subject of the artwork.
Negative Space: Refers to the area surrounding and between the subject matter.
Color: Involves the use of hues in art and design.
Value: Indicates the lightness or darkness in an artwork, relating to shades and highlights.

Principles of Art

Contrast: Involves juxtaposing opposite elements to create visual interest and dynamics.
Emphasis: Refers to the focal area of an artwork that attracts the viewer's attention.
Movement: Depicts motion through the arrangement of art elements.
Rhythm: Achieved by repeating elements to create a sense of flow and movement in a composition.
Proportion: Refers to the size relationships among various parts of the artwork.
Balance: Involves distributing visual weight throughout the composition for stability.
Unity: Known as harmony, it describes how cohesive and complete an artwork appears.
Variety: Adds diversity through different elements in a composition.

Significance of Art Forms from Regions

Art serves as a means of expressing human creativity, often showcased in visual forms like painting and sculpture.
According to Joan Brown, art mirrors cultural narratives and societal aspects, reflecting the time it represents.
It is essential for preserving traditions, resources, and beliefs within a community.
Bul-uls: Carved wooden statues or anitos figures from the Ifugao culture.
Hagabi: A long wooden bench made from Narra or Ipil, positioned in outdoor spaces of houses.
Sarimanok: A legendary bird of the Maranao people from Mindanao, also known as papanok.
Okir/Okil: Refers to geometric and flowing motifs prevalent among the Moro and Lumad people of Southern Philippines.

National Artists of the Philippines

Levi Celerio: Noted lyricist and composer known for his reinterpretation of traditional Filipino melodies.
Uwang Ahadas: Renowned for his mastery of Yakan musical instruments, notably in playing kwintangan.
Magdalena Gamayo: Acclaimed textile weaver from Ilocos Norte, known for her intricate traditional patterns and high-quality woven cloth.
Eduardo Mutuc: Metalsmith from Pampanga, celebrated for creating detailed decorative pieces using wood, silver, and bronze.
Teofilo Garcia: Innovator in crafting tabungaw, demonstrating skills in the entire production process of his hats.
Lang Dulay: Respected for her weaving of t'nalak, known for its cultural significance and intricate designs.
Masino Intaray: Master of gong music and epic chanting, significant in Pala'wan cultural practices.
Darhata Sawabi: Skilled textile weaver specializing in the pis siyabit headpiece, incorporating influences from Indian mandalas.

Contemporary Art Forms

Contemporary Art: Represents art produced from the late 20th century in a globally diverse and technologically advanced context.
Art Technique: Refers to the technical skills and methods employed by artists in their practice.
Performance Practices: Describes techniques used in musical genres specific to different eras.

Regional Arts Forms

Higantes of Angono: Giant papier-mâché figures, traditionally significant in local festivals.
Paete Woodcarving: Celebrated craft from Laguna, thriving since the Spanish era.
Taka: Papier-mâché art using carved wooden molds.
Giant Lantern (Parol): A Filipino Christmas symbol, particularly significant during festive seasons.

Other Artistic Forms

Saniculas Cookie Mold Carvings: Intricate designs created from hand-carved wooden molds.
Singkaban: Decorated bamboo arches used for celebrations and town fiestas, particularly in Bulacan.
Pabalat/Borlas de Pastillas: Decorative wrappers often used for specific sweets in Bulacan.
Puni: A Tagalog term referring to intricate art forms, notable in various Filipino artistic practices.