30 Questions
What is the primary purpose of anthropometric measurements in clinical examination?
To assess both malnutrition and nutritional excesses
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of anthropometric measurements?
The methods are invasive and require specialized equipment
What is the main advantage of using anthropometric measurements to assess nutritional status?
They can be used to monitor changes in nutritional status over time
What is the primary factor that determines the categorization of an individual as well-nourished or undernourished?
Food intake in relation to energy needs
Which of the following anthropometric measurements is used to assess past nutritional history?
Height/age ratio
Why is undernourishment distinct from undernutrition?
Because undernourishment is a cause, while undernutrition is a result of poor nutrition
What is the primary advantage of anthropometric measurements in terms of equipment requirements?
The equipment required is inexpensive, portable, and durable
Which of the following is a limitation of anthropometric measurements?
They require highly specialized personnel to perform the measurements
What additional factors are considered when determining the minimum energy requirement for certain populations?
Growth, pregnancy, and lactation
What is the primary purpose of nutritional intake assessment?
To estimate the adequacy of dietary energy and protein supply
Which of the following is a characteristic of undernutrition, but not undernourishment?
Poor absorption of nutrients
What is the role of anthropometric, biochemical, and physiological characteristics in assessing nutritional status?
To classify individuals as well-nourished or undernourished
Why are BMI cut-off values gender- and age-specific for children and adolescents?
Due to the varying ratio between weight and height with sex and age
What is a potential health risk associated with a high waist-to-hip ratio?
Heart disease and type 2 diabetes
What is visceral fat associated with?
Cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer, etc.
What is the recommended method for measuring visceral fat?
Employing Bio Impedance Analyzer (BIA) or DEXA scanner
What is the purpose of measuring the waist-to-hip ratio?
To estimate visceral fat as a proxy
What type of methods involve measuring a nutrient or its metabolite in the blood, faeces, urine, or other tissues?
Biochemical methods
What is the primary purpose of the food list in a Food Frequency Questionnaire?
To categorize foods based on their similarity in nutritive value
What type of information does the Food Frequency Questionnaire provide?
Qualitative information on food consumption patterns
How can the Food Frequency Questionnaire be used to assess nutrient deficiencies?
By including foods rich in a particular nutrient in the food list
What is a limitation of the Food Frequency Questionnaire?
It can only provide indications that need to be confirmed by other methods
How is the information in a Food Frequency Questionnaire typically recorded?
Through an interview or a self-administered questionnaire
What is the purpose of the frequency response section in a Food Frequency Questionnaire?
To record the frequency of consumption of specific foods
What is the primary factor that determines the type of treatment for a child with protein-calorie malnutrition?
The severity of the malnutrition
Which type of malnutrition is characterized by a deficiency of proteins in diets relatively high in carbohydrates?
Kwashiorkor
What is the estimated annual number of deaths in children under 5 years old due to malnutrition?
4-5 million
What is the primary purpose of food frequency questionnaires in dietary assessment?
To assess the frequency of consumption of different foods
Which of the following is a characteristic of marasmus?
Severe weight loss and wasting
What is the term for the disease that occurs when the next baby is born?
Marasmus
Test your knowledge on undernutrition and undernourishment, including their definitions, energy intake requirements, and special considerations for children, pregnant, and lactating women. Learn about the importance of adequate nutrition for growth and development. Explore the concepts of energy balance and acceptable levels of energy expenditure.
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