nutrition 4

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What is the primary purpose of anthropometric measurements in clinical examination?

To assess both malnutrition and nutritional excesses (correct)

To predict the risk of chronic diseases

To diagnose a specific nutritional disorder

To evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of anthropometric measurements?

The methods are suitable for large sample sizes

The methods are invasive and require specialized equipment (correct)

The methods are precise and accurate when standardized techniques are used

The methods can be used to quantify the degree of undernutrition

What is the main advantage of using anthropometric measurements to assess nutritional status?

They provide a single definitive measure of nutritional status

They are only suitable for assessing undernutrition

They are highly dependent on the skill level of the personnel performing the measurements

They can be used to monitor changes in nutritional status over time (correct)

What is the primary factor that determines the categorization of an individual as well-nourished or undernourished?

Food intake in relation to energy needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following anthropometric measurements is used to assess past nutritional history?

Height/age ratio Signup and view all the answers

Why is undernourishment distinct from undernutrition?

Because undernourishment is a cause, while undernutrition is a result of poor nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of anthropometric measurements in terms of equipment requirements?

The equipment required is inexpensive, portable, and durable Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of anthropometric measurements?

They require highly specialized personnel to perform the measurements Signup and view all the answers

What additional factors are considered when determining the minimum energy requirement for certain populations?

Growth, pregnancy, and lactation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of nutritional intake assessment?

To estimate the adequacy of dietary energy and protein supply Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of undernutrition, but not undernourishment?

Poor absorption of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of anthropometric, biochemical, and physiological characteristics in assessing nutritional status?

To classify individuals as well-nourished or undernourished Signup and view all the answers

Why are BMI cut-off values gender- and age-specific for children and adolescents?

Due to the varying ratio between weight and height with sex and age Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential health risk associated with a high waist-to-hip ratio?

Heart disease and type 2 diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is visceral fat associated with?

Cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method for measuring visceral fat?

Employing Bio Impedance Analyzer (BIA) or DEXA scanner Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring the waist-to-hip ratio?

To estimate visceral fat as a proxy Signup and view all the answers

What type of methods involve measuring a nutrient or its metabolite in the blood, faeces, urine, or other tissues?

Biochemical methods Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the food list in a Food Frequency Questionnaire?

To categorize foods based on their similarity in nutritive value Signup and view all the answers

What type of information does the Food Frequency Questionnaire provide?

Qualitative information on food consumption patterns Signup and view all the answers

How can the Food Frequency Questionnaire be used to assess nutrient deficiencies?

By including foods rich in a particular nutrient in the food list Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of the Food Frequency Questionnaire?

It can only provide indications that need to be confirmed by other methods Signup and view all the answers

How is the information in a Food Frequency Questionnaire typically recorded?

Through an interview or a self-administered questionnaire Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the frequency response section in a Food Frequency Questionnaire?

To record the frequency of consumption of specific foods Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the type of treatment for a child with protein-calorie malnutrition?

The severity of the malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Which type of malnutrition is characterized by a deficiency of proteins in diets relatively high in carbohydrates?

Kwashiorkor Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated annual number of deaths in children under 5 years old due to malnutrition?

4-5 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of food frequency questionnaires in dietary assessment?

To assess the frequency of consumption of different foods Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of marasmus?

Severe weight loss and wasting Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the disease that occurs when the next baby is born?

Marasmus Signup and view all the answers