Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the strategies mentioned for providing consumers with the opportunity to make smarter food choices for health?
What is one of the strategies mentioned for providing consumers with the opportunity to make smarter food choices for health?
Increasing availability of 'better-for-you' alternatives
What is one way to inform consumers about the energy content of non-alcoholic beverages?
What is one way to inform consumers about the energy content of non-alcoholic beverages?
What are some examples of interventions that have been successfully implemented in obesity programs around the world?
What are some examples of interventions that have been successfully implemented in obesity programs around the world?
Front-of-Package Labelling of foods (FOPL), Restrictions on marketing unhealthy products to children, Improvement in school food standards and options, Taxation on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), Reformulation of ultra-processed foods to improve nutrient content, Retail environment changes such as menu labelling, corporate voluntary efforts and social investment, Utilising digital technology for weight awareness and management, Programmes for increased physical activity
Which organization is mentioned as successfully implementing interventions to address obesity?
Which organization is mentioned as successfully implementing interventions to address obesity?
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_______ on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) is one of the interventions implemented in obesity programs.
_______ on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) is one of the interventions implemented in obesity programs.
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Match the strategic objectives with their descriptions:
Match the strategic objectives with their descriptions:
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The Consumer Goods Forum focuses on promoting unhealthy lifestyles.
The Consumer Goods Forum focuses on promoting unhealthy lifestyles.
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What are the main nutritional problems in South Africa?
What are the main nutritional problems in South Africa?
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What are some consequences of undernutrition?
What are some consequences of undernutrition?
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Health through food is not essential.
Health through food is not essential.
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Study Notes
World Nutrition Problems
- Double burden of malnutrition or Triple burden of malnutrition: a major concern
- Strategies to reduce the risk of malnutrition:
- Front-of-Package Labelling of foods (FOPL)
- Restrictions on marketing unhealthy products to children
- Improvement in school food standards and options
- Taxation on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs)
- Reformulation of ultra-processed foods to improve nutrient content
- Retail environment changes such as menu labelling, corporate voluntary efforts and social investment
- Utilising digital technology for weight awareness and management
- Programmes for increased physical activity
Government Strategies
- National Department of Health Strategy to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity:
- Vision: "All South Africans lead a healthy lifestyle and maintain a healthy weight"
- Mission: "Empower South Africans to make healthy choices by enabling equitable access to healthy food, physical activity opportunities and a capacitated health care system that supports the prevention and management of obesity"
- Goal: "Reduce the prevalence of obesity and diet-related non-communicable disease in the South African population"
- Six strategic objectives:
- Healthy food is available and easily accessible in government workplaces and in schools
- An enabling environment is in place to facilitate equitable access to physical activity opportunities
- Education and communication at different levels is evidence-based to prevent and manage obesity
- The health care system is equipped to address obesity prevention and management
- An effective monitoring, evaluation and research system is in place
- Policy and legislation support a healthy food environment
Private Sector Strategies
- Food Manufacturing:
- Mars Nourishing Wellbeing
- Nestlé's approach to balanced diets
- Unilever's Positive Nutrition and Planet & Society initiatives
- Food Retailer:
- Collaboration for Healthier Lives (CHL) Progress Report 2024
- Industry Associations:
- Global: Consumer Goods Forum
- Commitments:
- Product formulation to meet consumer's needs and public health priorities
- Implementation of reliable product information on pack and on digital platforms
- Responsible marketing and stopping targeted advertising to children under 12
- Expanding awareness and delivery of employee health and wellness programs
- Commitments:
- Local: Consumer Goods Council of South Africa (2016-2020, 2023-2027)
- Voluntary commitments by sector:
- Dairy Sector
- Grains, Cereals and Bread Sector
- Snacks, Treats, Fats, Canned Fruits & Baked Goods Sector
- Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) Sector
- Non-alcoholic Beverage Sector
- Wholesale & Retail Sector
- Voluntary commitments by sector:
- Global: Consumer Goods Forum
World Nutrition Problems
- Malnutrition affects food selection, eating habits, dietary adequacy, nutritional status, and health of consumers.
- UNICEF Conceptual Framework on Maternal and Child Nutrition identifies causes of malnutrition.
Causes of Malnutrition
- Poverty
- Inadequate access to nutritious food
- Infections
- Inadequate breastfeeding
- Poor maternal health
- Lack of education
- Limited access to healthcare
Nutrition Transition
- Economic and political development lead to changes in lifestyle and eating habits
- Urbanization contributes to increased homelessness, unemployment, and divorce
- Traditional foods are replaced by 'western' foods, leading to health concerns
- Snack foods, such as soft drinks, chocolate, and crisps, become more prevalent
Stages of Nutrition Transition
- Stage 1: Poor nutrition and high mortality rates
- Stage 2: Decrease in mortality rates, increase in chronic diseases
- Stage 3: Chronic diseases become major health problems
- Stage 4: Epidemiological transition, with a shift from infectious to chronic diseases
Triple Burden of Malnutrition
- Undernutrition: wasting, stunting, and micronutrient deficiencies
- Overnutrition: overweight and obesity
- Micronutrient deficiencies: vitamin and mineral deficiencies
Food Insecurity
- Exists at community, household, and individual levels
- Examples: stunted child and overweight mother (SCOWT), over/underweight with anemia
Consequences of Undernutrition
- Impaired growth and development
- Increased risk of infections and mortality
- Decreased productivity and cognitive function
Diagnosis of Undernutrition
- Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) measurement
- Growth charts and classification of SAM (Severe Acute Malnutrition) and MAM (Moderate Acute Malnutrition)
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Description
This quiz covers world nutrition problems, including obesity, as part of the Nutrition 3 course at CPUT. Test your knowledge of this important topic in nutrition science.
