Uncertainty Analysis in Calibration Laboratories

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What describes the operation of an element at unsteady-state conditions when the process is changing?

Precision

Dynamic characteristics (correct)

Accuracy

Bias

Which term refers to the percentage of the full-scale range or reading when specifying control element accuracy?

Response time

Dynamic characteristics

Dead zone

Precision (correct)

What is the property that manufacturers may have different meanings for when specifying it?

Accuracy (correct)

Precision

Dynamic characteristics

Dead zone

Which characteristic measures the agreement among measured values and does not describe the same thing as accuracy?

Precision Signup and view all the answers

What term describes how quickly an element reacts to a change in the measured variable or produces a 100% change in output signal due to a 100% change in input signal?

Response time Signup and view all the answers

What may be intentionally introduced into control strategy?

Bias Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) in a Safety Instrumented System (SIS)?

To achieve or maintain a safe condition of the process by addressing hazardous events Signup and view all the answers

Why do different industries have different Safety Integrity Level (SIL) requirements for their Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS)?

Due to differing levels of risk associated with different processes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of sensors used in Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) for safety shutdown?

They are independent sensors dedicated to safety functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Logic Solver in a Safety Instrumented System (SIS)?

To determine the action needed based on sensor information Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of a Common Alarm System used in industrial processes?

Loud and bright to be heard and seen by control room personnel Signup and view all the answers

Why should Safety Shutdown in Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) rely on dedicated sensors instead of regulatory control sensors?

To ensure independent safety functions and avoid reliance on non-safety sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is the Datum Line in level measurement?

The starting point for making a measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying zero suppression to a level measurement set-up?

To increase the accuracy of the measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is the term 'deadband' referring to in pressure switches?

The difference between the pressure at which the switch activates and deactivates Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Innage' refer to in level measurement methods?

Measuring from the bottom to the liquid surface Signup and view all the answers

How does 'Outage' differ from 'Innage' in level measurement?

It measures from the top to the liquid surface Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Ullage' mean in level measurement terminology?

The top space above a liquid's surface in a closed container Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of uncertainty analysis in calibration laboratories?

To identify factors affecting calibration accuracy Signup and view all the answers

What does 'uncertainty of measurement' refer to?

Doubt about the validity of the measurement result Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is essential for traceability in measurements?

Relating measurements back to international standards Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of a measurement according to the text?

Approximation or estimate with uncertainty Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is critical for calibration laboratories to comply with ISO 17025 requirements?

Proper uncertainty analysis Signup and view all the answers

Why must all measuring instruments undergo calibration?

To ensure reliability and accuracy Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a solenoid valve is de-energized?

Blocks air pressure coming from the I/P and vents all air pressure from the valve's actuating diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Common Alarm System?

To provide audible and visual alarms for notification purposes Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an Instrument Protected Function (IPF) according to the text?

Pressure Relief Valve Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario will a Passive Protection Layer be activated?

When Active Protection Layer fails Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of Final Control Elements given in the text?

Control Valve, damper, variable-pitch blades, motor drives Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Rapture Disc mentioned in the text?

Protect a pressure vessel, equipment, or system from over-pressurization Signup and view all the answers