Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the highest acceptable BNR in the US?
What is the highest acceptable BNR in the US?
- 8:1
- 6:1 (correct)
- 10:1
- 4:1
Thermal ultrasound is contraindicated for patients with cancer.
Thermal ultrasound is contraindicated for patients with cancer.
True (A)
Name one thermal indication for using ultrasound treatment.
Name one thermal indication for using ultrasound treatment.
Pain control
Ultrasound can be used to treat _____ injuries in acute conditions.
Ultrasound can be used to treat _____ injuries in acute conditions.
Match the following indications with their categories:
Match the following indications with their categories:
What should be done if the ultrasound treatment results in dangerously high intensity heating?
What should be done if the ultrasound treatment results in dangerously high intensity heating?
Keeping the ultrasound head still is recommended to prevent overheating.
Keeping the ultrasound head still is recommended to prevent overheating.
What is microstreaming in the context of ultrasound treatment?
What is microstreaming in the context of ultrasound treatment?
To enhance healing, ultrasound treatment is often paired with _____ to reduce inflammation.
To enhance healing, ultrasound treatment is often paired with _____ to reduce inflammation.
Flashcards
US BNR Ratio
US BNR Ratio
The ratio of peak power to average power in ultrasound (US) beams. A 6:1 BNR is the highest acceptable ratio in US procedures.
Thermal Effects of US
Thermal Effects of US
Heat-related effects like pain relief, preparing shortened tissues for stretching, healing chronic tendon injuries or calcium deposits.
Non-thermal Effects of US
Non-thermal Effects of US
Effects not related to heat, such as promoting healing of vascular ulcers, treating acute tendon injuries, carpal tunnel syndrome, and surgical incisions. It may also reduce inflammation.
US Contraindications
US Contraindications
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Microstreaming
Microstreaming
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Acoustic Streaming
Acoustic Streaming
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US Periosteum Effects
US Periosteum Effects
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Incomplete Skin Contact
Incomplete Skin Contact
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US Technique Modification
US Technique Modification
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Study Notes
US Beam Power Ratio
- Peak power to average power ratio in US beam is relevant.
- 6:1 BNR (Beam Non-uniformity Ratio) is the highest acceptable level.
- Improper technique can lead to dangerous heating.
Indications for US Treatment
- Thermal Effects:
- Pain management
- Preparing for stretching of shortened tissues
- Chronic tendon injuries
- Calcium deposit reabsorption
- Non-thermal Effects:
- Healing of vascular and pressure ulcers
- Acute tendon injuries
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Surgical incision treatment
- Phonophoresis for inflammation reduction
Contraindications for US Treatment
- Cancer
- Pregnancy (abdominal or back area)
- Pacemakers
- Central nervous system (CNS) tissue (e.g., laminectomy)
- Joint cement or plastics
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- Over the eyes
- Carotid sinus
- Reproductive organs
- All heating applications are thermal US contraindications
Proper US Technique and Modifications
- Patient Response: Adjust treatment based on patient response.
- Errors and Effects (Periosteum):
- Pause & reduce intensity if needed.
- Consider changing frequency from 1 MHz to 3 MHz for more superficial treatment to reduce periosteum healing.
- Adjust treatment head speed and treated area size.
- Maintaining Contact:
- Keep treatment head moving continuously to prevent overheating.
- Maintain even, parallel skin contact to prevent high energy concentration (at periosteum).
- Use smaller treatment heads for optimal contact, or apply ultrasound with an indirect immersion technique using water.
- Ensure sound head is in contact with the skin to avoid damaging the sound crystal.
Thermal and Non-thermal Effects
- Microstreaming: Currents around gas bubbles due to cavitation. Agitates cell membranes and increases ion permeability.
- Acoustic Streaming: (Not elaborated).
- Ion Exchange: (Not elaborated).
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