Ultrasound in Physical Therapy
17 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between continuous and pulsed ultrasound?

  • Pulsed ultrasound is used for deeper tissues, while continuous ultrasound is used for superficial tissues.
  • Pulsed ultrasound is used for pain control, while continuous ultrasound is used for tissue healing.
  • Continuous ultrasound produces heat, while pulsed ultrasound primarily produces mechanical effects. (correct)
  • Continuous ultrasound is more powerful than pulsed ultrasound.

    • Which frequency of ultrasound is most appropriate for treating a deep tissue injury in the calf muscle?

  • 3 MHz
  • 10 MHz
  • 1 MHz (correct)
  • 5 MHz

    • What is the primary reason for using pulsed ultrasound for pain control?

  • Pulsed ultrasound is used for superficial tissues, which are more sensitive to pain.
  • Pulsed ultrasound stimulates blood flow, which can reduce pain through increased oxygenation.
  • Pulsed ultrasound generates cavitation, which can disrupt pain signals. (correct)
  • Pulsed ultrasound produces heat, which can reduce inflammation and pain.

    • Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for ultrasound?

    <p>Osteoporosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit of measure is used to describe the strength of an ultrasound wave at a specific location within the tissue being treated?

    <p>W/cm2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a pervasive flaw in many ultrasound studies?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the presented information, how does ultrasound primarily affect body tissues?

    <p>Through thermal mechanisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key takeaway from the study by Amijo-Olivo et al (2013) regarding ultrasound use?

    <p>A significant portion of physical therapists rely on clinical experience rather than research evidence to justify ultrasound use. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a limitation mentioned in the text regarding studies on the clinical utility of ultrasound?

    <p>Ultrasound has proven to be ineffective in most cases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information presented, what is a key challenge in evaluating the effectiveness of ultrasound?

    <p>The difficulty in standardizing the dosage and application parameters. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is NOT correct about Spatial Average Intensity (SAI)?

    <p>SAI is unaffected by the depth of the targeted tissue. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When selecting an ultrasound head size, which factor is most important to consider?

    <p>The size of the treatment area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coupling agent would be most appropriate for an ultrasound treatment on the bladder?

    <p>Gel. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the effective radiating area (ERA) in ultrasound therapy?

    <p>To calculate the spatial average intensity of the ultrasound. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to avoid using an ultrasound treatment area that is wider than 4 times the ERA?

    <p>It can lead to uneven distribution of energy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tissues has the highest attenuation of ultrasound?

    <p>Skin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding ultrasound attenuation?

    <p>Ultrasound attenuation is primarily due to absorption, reflection, and refraction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Ultrasound

    A therapeutic modality using sound waves for treatment in physical therapy.

    Indications of Ultrasound

    Conditions where ultrasound therapy is beneficial, such as soft tissue injuries and pain relief.

    Contraindications of Ultrasound

    Conditions where ultrasound therapy should not be used, like pregnancy or malignancies.

    Frequency in Ultrasound

    Measurement of how often sound waves occur; common frequencies are 1 MHz and 3 MHz.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Power vs Intensity

    Power is energy output in watts, while intensity shows strength of sound wave in W/cm².

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ultrasound Mechanisms

    Ultrasound affects body tissues through thermal and non-thermal mechanisms.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Key Parameters for US

    Important parameters include intensity, frequency, and treatment duration.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    US Clinical Utility

    Growing literature questions the efficacy of ultrasound in clinical settings.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Limitations in US

    Many studies on ultrasound use low sample sizes and lack standardization.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    PTs Use of US

    A large percentage of physical therapists report using ultrasound, often relying on clinical experience over research.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Effective Radiating Area (ERA)

    Proportion of transducer surface producing ultrasonic energy; slightly less than the transducer head.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Spatial Average Intensity (SAI)

    Average intensity of ultrasound output, calculated by total watts divided by effective radiating area.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ultrasound Head Movement

    Sound head should move at a rate of 4 cm per second during treatment for effectiveness.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ultrasound Attenuation

    Decrease in intensity and amplitude of ultrasound waves as they travel through different tissues.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Tissue Attenuation Rate

    Measured in percentage per centimeter; varies across tissues (e.g., skin 39%, fat 13%).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Coupling Agents for Ultrasound

    Substances like gel or water used to aid ultrasound transmission through the skin.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Maximum Treatment Area

    Should not exceed four times the size of the effective radiating area for effective therapy.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    SCIDR

    Describes the energy passing through the effective area of the ultrasound head; energy density expression.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Ultrasound

    • Ultrasound is a biophysical agent using sound waves.
    • Objectives include reviewing indications, contraindications, and clinical application principles in physical therapy.
    • Ultrasound can be continuous or pulsed.
    • Continuous ultrasound provides deep heating, while pulsed ultrasound is non-thermal.
    • Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional.
    • 1MHz is used for deeper tissue impact, while 3MHz is used for superficial tissue impact.
    • Ultrasound intensity (W/cm²) and frequency have an inverse relationship; higher frequency corresponds to lower intensity.
    • Duty cycle is either continuous (100%) or pulsed (20-50%).
    • Ultrasound uses a piezoelectric crystal to transmit acoustic energy.
    • The medium for transmission must be denser than air.
    • Coupling agents like gel or water immersion ensure proper transmission.
    • ERA (Effective Radiating Area) should be approximately 4 times smaller than the treatment area. Spatial Average Intensity (SAI) is calculated as total watts divided by the effective radiating area (ERA) as a measurement of energy density.
    • Ultrasound head size should be selected based on the target area.
    • Sound heads move at approximately 4 cm/second during application.
    • Ultrasound attenuation occurs as the energy passes through tissue, and the intensity decreases due to absorption, reflection, and deflection.
    • Ultrasound-specific attenuation coefficients are shown for different tissues (blood is the lowest, bone is highest).
    • Key points include gel application before activation to prevent crystal damage and continuous transducer movement to prevent periosteal injury.
    • Treatment guidelines are available, including frequency, intensity, duration, and other parameters.
    • Ultrasound indications include local inflammation, soft tissue shortening, and specific pain conditions (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome).
    • Contraindications include pregnancy, tumor locations, pacemaker implantation, metal implants, and other conditions.
    • Thermal effects include pain modulation, decreased muscle spasm, and increased tissue extensibility.
    • Heat is produced directly in the tissues.
    • Non-thermal effects include intracellular calcium level increase, membrane permeability, mast cell degranulation, increase fibroblast activity, increased nitric oxide and vasodilation.
    • Patients should feel warmth (continuous) or gentle pressure (pulsed) during application.
    • Discomfort, burning, or intense ache often indicates too much heating (standing wave formation).
    • Documentation of treatment parameters (intensity, frequency, duty cycle) and response is essential.
    • Ultrasound devices often produce differing levels of intensity or different ranges for output.
    • Ultrasound's efficacy for different conditions is still under investigation and debated.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Ultrasound PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on ultrasound as a biophysical agent in physical therapy. This quiz covers its principles, applications, and important concepts such as frequency, intensity, and duty cycles. Learn about the continuous and pulsed modalities and their respective effects.

    More Like This

    Ultrasound Therapy in Physical Therapy
    10 questions

    Ultrasound Therapy in Physical Therapy

    LyricalTachisme avatar
    LyricalTachisme
    Ultrasound Therapy Basics
    36 questions

    Ultrasound Therapy Basics

    AdaptiveXenon avatar
    AdaptiveXenon
    Wound Healing and Ultrasound Therapy
    10 questions

    Wound Healing and Ultrasound Therapy

    StableDoppelganger avatar
    StableDoppelganger
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser