Ultrasound Image Optimization Settings
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Questions and Answers

What effect does increasing the output power have on ultrasound imaging?

  • Reduces brightness of echoes
  • Decreases acoustical exposure
  • Decreases resolution but increases penetration
  • Increases pulses and echo signals (correct)
  • Which artefact in ultrasound imaging is characterized by a single long hyperechoic echo that 'trails off' distally?

  • Mirror image
  • Comet tail (correct)
  • Ring down
  • Enhancement
  • What is the primary cause of the shadowing artefact in ultrasound imaging?

  • Vibrations producing a continuous sound wave
  • Total reflection from a strong reflector (correct)
  • Enhanced through transmission amplitude of distal echo signal
  • Reverberation due to repeated reflections
  • How does reducing gain in ultrasound imaging affect the image?

    <p>Darkens image with no change in energy transmitted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding increasing the frequency in ultrasound imaging?

    <p>Increases resolution but decreases penetration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of focus in ultrasound imaging?

    <p>Creates a focal zone for improved image clarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of artefact in ultrasound imaging is typically observed due to resonance of fluid trapped among gas bubbles?

    <p>Ring down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adjusting depth in ultrasound scanning?

    <p>Varies the depth of field of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when output power is reduced in ultrasound imaging?

    <p>Darkens image with reduced intensity of pulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of shadowing artefacts in ultrasound imaging?

    <p>Everything posterior to reflector appears black due to total reflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Image Optimization

    • Image optimization involves adjusting settings to improve image quality
    • Settings include output power, frequency, depth, zoom, gain, and focus

    Output Power

    • Adjusting output power varies sensitivity and detects weaker echoes
    • Increasing output power:
      • Increases pulses and echo signals
      • Increases acoustical exposure (ALARA principle)
    • Reducing output power:
      • Reduces intensity of pulses and energy transmitted to the patient
      • Reduces brightness of echoes visualized within the displayed image

    Frequency

    • Increasing frequency:
      • Increases resolution
      • Decreases penetration
    • Multifrequency transducers are used for different applications:
      • Transabdominal: 3-5 MHz
      • Transvaginal: 5-20 MHz

    Depth

    • Depth of field of view varies with transducer type
    • Increasing depth:
      • Increases far field and reduces near field
    • Decreasing depth:
      • Focuses on superficial structures
      • Increases near field and reduces far field

    Zoom

    • Read zoom magnifies still image
    • Write zoom magnifies live image
    • Provides greater anatomical detail

    Gain

    • Echo signal amplification compensates for attenuation loss
    • Increasing gain:
      • Brightens image
      • No change to amount of energy transmitted
      • High gain setting: noise and misdiagnosis
    • Decreasing gain:
      • Darkens image
      • No change in energy transmitted
      • Low gain setting: misdiagnosis

    Focus

    • Focal zone can be single or multiple
    • Decreases frame rate
    • Artefacts can occur due to equipment malfunction, operator error, violation of assumptions, or physical principle

    Artefacts

    • Occur due to equipment malfunction, operator error, violation of assumptions, or physical principle
    • Types of artefacts include:
      • Reverberation
      • Comet tail
      • Ring down
      • Mirror image
      • Shadowing
      • Enhancement

    Reverberation Artefacts

    • Produced due to repeated reflections
    • Causes false echoes
    • Characteristics:
      • Equally spaced echoes
      • Strong echoes due to high acoustic mismatch
      • Can be result of defective equipment or improper technique
      • Examples: biopsy needle, comet tail artefact

    Comet Tail Artefact

    • Type of reverberation artefact seen in US imaging of metallic objects
    • Characteristics:
      • Single long hyperechoic echo
      • Parallel to sound of beams main axis
      • ‘Trails off’ distally
      • Examples: IUDs, surgical clips, needle tips

    Ring Down Artefact

    • Similar to comet tail artefact
    • Typically occurs due to resonance of fluid trapped among gas bubbles after being insonated with ultrasound
    • Characteristics:
      • Vibrations produce a continuous sound wave that is transmitted to the transducer

    Mirror Image Artefact

    • Created as sound reflects off strong reflector and is redirected towards object
    • Characteristics:
      • Appears as second copy of object – deeper on image
      • Straight line: true reflector and artefact are equal distances from mirror

    Shadowing Artefact

    • Occurs when ultrasound beam meets reflector that causes almost total reflections
    • Characteristics:
      • Everything posterior to reflector appears black – no energy

    Enhancement Artefact

    • Lower density mass – little attenuation
    • Characteristics:
      • Increased through transmission amplitude of distal echo signal
      • Area of increased brightness relative to echoes from adjacent tissues
      • Examples: cystic/fluid masses

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    Test your knowledge on optimizing ultrasound image quality by adjusting settings such as output power, frequency, depth, gain, focus, and artifacts. Understand how changes in settings affect the image clarity and exposure levels.

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