Ulaanbaatar and Mongol Empire

Study Notes

Capital and largest city of Mongolia
Located in the valley of the Tuul River
Population: approximately 1.4 million people (1/3 of Mongolia's population)
Known for its blend of traditional and modern architecture
Home to the Gandan Monastery, one of the most important Buddhist centers in Mongolia

Largest contiguous empire in history, covering over 24 million km²
Founded by Genghis Khan in 1206
Lasted for over a century, until its decline in the 14th century
Empire stretched from China to Eastern Europe, including present-day Russia, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East
Known for its military tactics, including the use of horseback archers and lightning-fast cavalry attacks
Empire was divided into four main khanates after Genghis Khan's death

Born Temujin around 1162 AD
Unified various Mongol tribes and went on to create the Mongol Empire
Known for his military genius, tactical flexibility, and ability to unite disparate groups
Implemented a system of meritocracy, where leaders were chosen based on skill rather than birth
Introduced the "Yassa", a code of laws that governed the Mongol Empire
Died in 1227, reportedly after falling off his horse

Serves as the capital and largest city of Mongolia, situated in the valley of the Tuul River
Boasts a population of approximately 1.4 million people, comprising one-third of Mongolia's population
Characterized by its unique blend of traditional and modern architecture
Houses the renowned Gandan Monastery, a significant Buddhist center in Mongolia

Holds the distinction of being the largest contiguous empire in history, spanning over 24 million km²
Founded by Genghis Khan in 1206, marking the beginning of a century-long reign
At its peak, the empire stretched from China to Eastern Europe, encompassing present-day Russia, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East
Noted for its innovative military tactics, including the deployment of horseback archers and swift cavalry attacks
Following Genghis Khan's death, the empire was divided into four main khanates

Born Temujin around 1162 AD, later unifying the Mongol tribes and establishing the Mongol Empire
Exhibited exceptional military genius, tactical flexibility, and the ability to unite disparate groups
Implemented a system of meritocracy, where leaders were chosen based on skill rather than birth
Introduced the "Yassa", a code of laws governing the Mongol Empire
Died in 1227, reportedly as a result of falling off his horse

Ulaanbaatar is situated in the valley of the Tuul River
The city has an elevation of 1,350 meters (4,430 ft) above sea level
It is surrounded by four mountain ranges: Bogd Khan, Songino Khairkhan, Chingeltei, and Bayanzurkh

Ulaanbaatar has a continental climate characterized by cold winters and warm summers
The average temperature in January, the coldest month, is -1.3°C (30°F)
The average temperature in July, the warmest month, is 18.3°C (65°F)

Ulaanbaatar has a population of approximately 1.4 million people, which is over 40% of Mongolia's total population
The city's population is predominantly Mongolian, with smaller populations of Kazakh, Russian, and Chinese

Ulaanbaatar is a hub for Mongolia's mining industry, with many international companies operating in the city
The city's service sector is growing, with significant contributions from tourism, finance, and trade

Ulaanbaatar is home to the National University of Mongolia and several other universities
The city has a rich cultural heritage, featuring the Gandan Monastery and the Zanabazar Museum
Ulaanbaatar hosts the annual Naadam Festival, a traditional Mongolian celebration

Chinggis Khaan International Airport connects Ulaanbaatar to international destinations
The city's railway station offers connections to Russia and China
The bus station serves as a hub for domestic and international bus routes