[BIOCHEM] LESSON 1

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What process do some organisms use to convert solar energy into chemical energy?

Fermentation

Chemosynthesis

Cellular respiration

Photosynthesis (correct)

Which type of variation is defined as differences caused by genetic differences among organisms?

Behavioral variation

Environmental variation

Genotypic variation (correct)

Phenotypic variation

What is one function of the cell membrane?

Store genetic material

Conduct cellular respiration

Support and protect the cell (correct)

Synthesize proteins

What defines phenotypic variation in organisms?

The impact of environmental factors on genetic expression Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of the lipid bilayer in the cell membrane?

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic Signup and view all the answers

How do some organisms utilize chemical energy for their metabolic activities?

By consuming food molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for observable traits or characteristics resulting from the interaction of genetics and environment?

Phenotypic traits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'phospholipid'?

A molecule with hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Converting light energy into chemical energy Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the cell membrane allows for the passage of water?

Protein channels like aquaporin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a cell?

Production of lipids and proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the animal cell is responsible for organizing microtubules?

Centrosome Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the cytoplasm?

It is a jelly-like substance where organelles are suspended. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes rough endoplasmic reticulum from smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Presence of ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of polar or ionic portions of a molecule?

They allow the molecule to be water-soluble. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is unique to centrosomes in animal cells?

They organize microtubules and contain centrioles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

To produce ATP through cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for storing the genetic information of a cell?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What class of biomolecules is primarily involved in metabolism and can act as enzymes?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which biomolecule class is recognized as the most abundant on Earth?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is characterized by its sac-like appearance and is involved in secretion?

Golgi apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What role does the nucleus play in hereditary characteristics?

It controls cell activities and inherits traits. Signup and view all the answers

Which biomolecules are considered macromolecules and formed by amino acids?