Questions and Answers
Who is the goddess of sexual love and desire?
Who is the god of prophesy, healing, and the sun?
Apollo
Which god is depicted as a young man in armor and is associated with war?
Who is the goddess of the hunt and wilderness?
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What is the Roman name of the goddess Athena?
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Who is the goddess of fertility and agriculture?
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What is Dionysus known for?
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Who is the god of the Underworld?
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What does Hephaestus god of?
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Who is the wife of Zeus and protector of marriage?
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Who accomplished the twelve labors and became immortal?
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What is Hermes the god of?
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Who is known for his cunning and is a hero in Homer's epic poem?
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Who is the god of the sea?
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Who is the ruler of all the gods?
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What term refers to the belief in multiple gods?
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What is a myth?
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What is significant about the island of Delos?
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Who are the Olympian gods?
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Who is Pan?
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What is Chaos in Greek mythology?
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Who is Ouranos in Greek mythology?
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What is Tartoros known for?
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Who is Kronos?
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Who is Anchises?
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What does Aetiology explain?
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Who is Demophoon?
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Study Notes
Greek Deities
- Aphrodite: Goddess of love and desire; married to Hephaestus; associated with Eros/Cupid; Roman equivalent is Venus.
- Apollo: God of prophecy, healing, and reason; often depicted with a lyre or bow; associated with the sun; Roman name is also Apollo.
- Ares: God of war and battle rage; depicted in armor; lover of Aphrodite; Roman name is Mars.
- Artemis: Goddess of the hunt and wilderness; embodies virginity; twin of Apollo; Roman name is Diana.
- Athena: Goddess of wisdom, crafts, and war strategy; depicted as a young woman with armor; Roman name is Minerva; sprang from Zeus' head.
- Demeter: Goddess of fertility and agriculture; mother of Persephone; often shown with grain; Roman name is Ceres.
- Dionysus: God of wine, drama, and theatre; often depicted with ivy and grapes; followers enter a manic frenzy; also known as Bacchus.
- Hades: God of the Underworld; associated with Cerberus, a three-headed dog; kidnapped Persephone; Roman names are Pluto or Dis.
- Hephaestus: God of metalworking; physically disabled; sometimes associated with volcanoes; Roman name is Vulcan.
- Hera: Wife of Zeus; protector of marriage; known for jealousy towards Zeus' lovers; Roman name is Juno.
- Heracles: Demigod known for the twelve labors; depicted with a club and lion skin; achieved immortality after death; Roman name is Hercules.
- Hermes: God of thieves, travel, and commerce; messenger of the gods; depicted with winged sandals; Roman name is Mercury.
- Odysseus: Cunning mortal and hero from Homer's "Odyssey"; spent 20 years in war and wandering; King of Ithaca; husband of Penelope.
- Poseidon: God of the sea; associated with earthquakes and horses; depicted with a trident; Roman name is Neptune.
- Zeus: Ruler of all gods; god of storms and the sky; wields a thunderbolt; known for numerous mortal love affairs.
Concepts and Terms
- Polytheism: Belief in multiple gods; foundational to Greek mythology, differing from monotheistic religions.
- Myth: Narrative explaining natural phenomena; often involves supernatural elements and conveys morals and values.
- Delos: Birthplace of Apollo; location where Leto gave birth due to Hera's banishment.
- Olympian Gods: The primary gods residing above the underworld; considered the most powerful deities.
Mythical Beings and Origins
- Pan: Child of Hermes; connected with nature and rustic life; often depicted with human and goat features.
- Chaos: The primordial void that existed before creation; in Greek, signifies "emptiness"; parent of Erebos.
- Ouranos: Father of Kronos; creator of Earth and the Titans; arises from chaos.
- Tartoros: A dark abyss in the Underworld for punishing titans.
- Kronos: Father of Zeus; attempts to kill him out of fear; ultimately killed by Rhea, Zeus's mother.
- Anchises: Mortal lover of Aphrodite; her infatuation with him demonstrates uncontrollable desires.
- Aetiology: Explanatory narratives regarding the origin of gods' domains and powers.
Key Myths and Characters
- Demophoon: Son of Metaneira found by Demeter; highlights maternal themes in Demeter's search for Persephone in the "Hymn to Demeter."
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Description
Test your knowledge of ancient Greek gods and goddesses with these UCSB Classics 40 midterm flashcards. Each card highlights a key figure, offering definitions and associations that are essential for understanding classical mythology. Perfect for students preparing for exams or anyone interested in classical studies.
