UAS Operating Rules Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum groundspeed allowed for a small unmanned aircraft system during operation?

  • 120 miles per hour
  • 80 knots
  • 100 miles per hour (correct)
  • 87 knots (correct)

Under what condition can a small unmanned aircraft exceed an altitude of 400 feet?

  • When flown under 500 feet from clouds
  • When it is within a 400-foot radius of a structure (correct)
  • When it is flown at night
  • When it is half a mile from the control station

What is the minimum flight visibility required when operating a small unmanned aircraft system?

  • 5 statute miles
  • 3 statute miles (correct)
  • 1.5 statute miles
  • 2 statute miles

What is the minimum distance that a small unmanned aircraft must maintain from clouds?

<p>500 feet below the cloud and 2,000 feet horizontally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the operation of a small unmanned aircraft system with a transponder?

<p>It can be used if authorized by the Administrator. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a remote pilot in command complete before operating a small unmanned aircraft at night, as per the regulations?

<p>An initial knowledge test or training after April 6, 2021 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for anti-collision lighting when operating a small unmanned aircraft system at night?

<p>Lighting visible for at least 3 statute miles with sufficient flash rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which periods is a small unmanned aircraft system prohibited from operation unless specific lighting requirements are met?

<p>During periods of civil twilight and nighttime hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about civil twilight is correct?

<p>In Alaska, civil twilight is defined differently than in other states. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to certificates of waiver issued prior to March 16, 2021, for operating a small unmanned aircraft system at night?

<p>They terminate after May 17, 2021. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one action a remote pilot in command can take regarding the intensity of the anti-collision lighting?

<p>Reduce the intensity based on operating conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section outlines the requirements for alcohol or drug use by those operating small unmanned aircraft systems?

<p>§ 107.27 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal definition of civil twilight according to the outlined regulations?

<p>A period starting 30 minutes before and after sunrise or sunset (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the requirements that must be met if a visual observer is used during the operation of a small unmanned aircraft?

<p>The remote pilot must ensure the visual observer can see the aircraft. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is not allowed to manipulate flight controls of a small unmanned aircraft?

<p>A person operating more than one unmanned aircraft (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of maintaining effective communication among the remote pilot, flight controller, and visual observer?

<p>To coordinate for potentially hazardous situations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a person operating a small unmanned aircraft do in Class B, Class C, or Class D airspace?

<p>Obtain prior authorization from Air Traffic Control. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which conditions is it permissible to operate a small unmanned aircraft over human beings?

<p>If the individual is under a covered structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the remote pilot assess before the flight of the small unmanned aircraft?

<p>The operating environment and potential risks to persons and property. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the small unmanned aircraft interact with other airborne vehicles?

<p>It should yield the right of way to all airborne vehicles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the remote pilot in command when utilizing a visual observer?

<p>To verify that the visual observer can see the unmanned aircraft. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one restriction placed on small unmanned aircraft regarding hazardous materials?

<p>They are prohibited from carrying hazardous materials. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if a small unmanned aircraft is proposed to operate in restricted airspace?

<p>Obtain permission from the controlling agency. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should not be done while operating multiple small unmanned aircraft at the same time?

<p>Manipulate flight controls for more than one aircraft. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of the remote pilot in command before flight?

<p>Ensure that control links are functioning properly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one thing a remote pilot must ensure about any object carried by the small unmanned aircraft?

<p>It is secure and does not adversely affect its flight characteristics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum altitude that a small unmanned aircraft can fly without special conditions?

<p>400 feet above ground level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum visibility required for operating a small unmanned aircraft system?

<p>3 statute miles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distance must be maintained from clouds when operating a small unmanned aircraft?

<p>500 feet below and 2,000 feet horizontally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the groundspeed limit when operating a small unmanned aircraft system?

<p>87 knots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is prohibited regarding transponder equipment for small unmanned aircraft systems?

<p>Using a transponder without authorization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required visibility for anti-collision lighting when operating a small unmanned aircraft system at night?

<p>3 statute miles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the period of civil twilight in areas outside of Alaska?

<p>30 minutes before official sunrise to 30 minutes after official sunset (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition may the remote pilot in command reduce the intensity of the anti-collision lighting?

<p>Based on safety concerns during operating conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a remote pilot in command complete before operating a small unmanned aircraft system at night?

<p>An initial knowledge test or training after a specific date (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence for certificates of waiver issued prior to March 16, 2021, for night operations?

<p>They terminate on May 17, 2021 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a small unmanned aircraft system is operated during periods of civil twilight without proper lighting?

<p>It is illegal, regardless of the aircraft's altitude (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the anti-collision lighting on a small unmanned aircraft system?

<p>To prevent collisions during operation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should remote pilots avoid while operating multiple small unmanned aircraft systems simultaneously?

<p>Overlapping flight paths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must the remote pilot in command ensure regarding the visibility of the unmanned aircraft throughout its flight?

<p>It is visible to the remote pilot and flight controller at all times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a responsibility of a visual observer during the operation of a small unmanned aircraft?

<p>Manipulating the flight controls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a person manipulating flight controls NOT do regarding multiple small unmanned aircraft?

<p>Simultaneously operate more than one aircraft (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly reflects the right-of-way rules for small unmanned aircraft?

<p>They must yield to all other aircraft and vehicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition allows a small unmanned aircraft to operate over human beings?

<p>If the human is inside a vehicle offering protection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be done before operating a small unmanned aircraft?

<p>Assess the operating environment and risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for operating a small unmanned aircraft in restricted areas?

<p>Prior approval from the controlling agency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must the remote pilot do regarding communication with the visual observer?

<p>Establish and maintain effective communication at all times (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a responsibility of the remote pilot in command prior to a flight?

<p>Ensure all control links are functioning properly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the carriage of hazardous materials by small unmanned aircraft is correct?

<p>They are prohibited from carrying any hazardous materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a remote pilot assess the operation environment before flying?

<p>By considering local weather, airspace, and ground hazards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is required regarding the small unmanned aircraft and its attachments?

<p>Confirm that any attachments do not affect flight characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a remote pilot do when operating in Class B, Class C, or Class D airspace?

<p>Contact air traffic control for prior authorization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a remote pilot do if a visual observer is utilized?

<p>Coordinate effectively to monitor the aircraft and airspace (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Night Flight Rules for UAS

Small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) require specific lighting and training for night operations.

Lighting Requirements (Night)

UAS must have anti-collision lights visible for at least 3 statute miles and sufficient flash rate to avoid collisions.

Civil Twilight Definition

Time period either 30 minutes before/after sunrise/sunset (excepts Alaska, which uses Air Almanac).

UAS Night Operation Training

Specific UAS night operation training (post-April 6, 2021) is required for remote pilots in command.

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Waiver Certificates (Night)

Night operations under prior waiver certificates are generally not permitted after specific dates (May 17, 2021).

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Alcohol and Drugs for Remote Pilots

Remote pilots must comply with §§ 91.17 and 91.19 regulations on alcohol and drug use.

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Small UAS Groundspeed Limit

The maximum ground speed for a small unmanned aircraft system (UAS) is 87 knots (100 mph).

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Small UAS Altitude Limit

The maximum altitude for a small UAS is 400 feet above ground level (AGL), unless within a 400-foot radius of a structure, in which case it can't fly higher than 400 feet above the structure's highest point.

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Flight Visibility Requirement

Minimum flight visibility from the control station is 3 statute miles. This means, you can see prominent objects (lighted or unlighted) from your control station.

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Minimum Distance from Clouds

A small UAS must maintain a minimum distance of 500 feet below clouds and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds.

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Transponder Prohibition

Usually, you can't operate a small UAS with a transponder unless the administrator says you can.

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Visual Observer Requirement

If a visual observer is used, they, along with the pilot and controller, must visually confirm the aircraft's location, attitude, altitude, and direction throughout the flight, and monitor for other aircraft or hazards.

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Communication requirements (visual observer)

If a visual observer is involved, constant communication between pilot, controller, and observer is mandatory.

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Visual Observer's Duty

Visual observers must ensure the aircraft's position is clear and monitor the airspace for potential hazards. This allows for better awareness of the aircraft's location.

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Multiple Aircraft Operation Limitation

A single person cannot control or observe more than one unmanned aircraft simultaneously.

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Hazardous Material Prohibition

Small unmanned aircraft cannot carry hazardous materials.

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Right-of-Way Rules

Small unmanned aircraft must yield right-of-way to all other aircraft, vehicles, or launch objects.

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Proximity to Other Aircraft

Do not operate a small unmanned aircraft close to other aircraft to avoid a potential collision.

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Operation Over Humans

Unmanned aircraft operation over humans is restricted unless the human is directly involved in the operation or is protected by a covered structure/vehicle.

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Class B, C, D airspace restrictions

Unmanned aircraft operations are restricted within Class B, C, and D airspace without prior authorization from Air Traffic Control (ATC).

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Airport Operations Restrictions

Small unmanned aircraft operations must not interfere with airport operations or traffic patterns.

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Prohibited/Restricted Areas

Operation of unmanned aircraft within prohibited or restricted areas is prohibited unless permission is acquired from the local authority.

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Preflight Familiarization

Before each flight, pilots must assess the flight environment, weather, airspace, and ground conditions for potential hazards.

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Communication With Other Participants

Pilots must inform all participants about operating conditions, procedures, roles, and risks before flight.

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Night UAS Operation

Small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) require specific lighting and training for night operations.

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Lighting Requirements (Night)

UAS must have anti-collision lights visible for at least 3 statute miles with sufficient flash rate to avoid collisions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Civil Twilight

Time period 30 minutes before/after sunrise/sunset (except in Alaska, using Air Almanac).

Signup and view all the flashcards

UAS Night Operation Training

Post-April 6, 2021 UAS night operation training is necessary for remote pilots in command.

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Night Waiver Certificates

Night operations under prior waiver certificates (pre-April 21, 2021) are not usually allowed after specific dates (May 17, 2021).

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Alcohol/Drugs (Remote Pilots)

Remote pilots must follow §§ 91.17 and 91.19 FAA regulations on alcohol and drug use.

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Small UAS Ground Speed Limit

The maximum ground speed for a small unmanned aircraft system (UAS) is 87 knots (100 mph).

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Small UAS Altitude Limit

The maximum altitude for a small UAS is 400 feet above ground level (AGL), unless within a 400-foot radius of a structure, in which case it can't fly higher than 400 feet above the structure's highest point.

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Flight Visibility Requirement

Minimum flight visibility from the control station is 3 statute miles. This means, you can see prominent objects (lighted or unlighted) from your control station.

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Minimum Distance from Clouds

A small UAS must maintain a minimum distance of 500 feet below clouds and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds.

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Transponder Prohibition

Usually, you can't operate a small UAS with a transponder unless the administrator says you can.

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Visual Observer Requirement

If a visual observer is used, they, the pilot, and the controller must ensure the aircraft is visible for the whole flight and scan for safety hazards.

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Visual Observer Communication

Constant communication between the pilot, controller, and visual observer is necessary.

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Multiple Aircraft Operation

One person cannot operate or observe more than one unmanned aircraft at the same time.

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Hazardous Materials

Unmanned aircraft cannot carry hazardous materials.

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Right-of-Way Rules

Unmanned aircraft must yield to other aircraft, vehicles, and launch objects.

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Proximity to Other Aircraft

Do not operate so close to other aircraft that a collision is possible.

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Operation Over Humans

Operations over humans are restricted unless the person is directly involved or is safe from falling aircraft.

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Class B, C, D airspace

Unmanned aircraft operations in Class B, C, or D airspace require prior authorization from Air Traffic Control.

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Airport Operations

UAS operations shouldn't interfere with airport operations or traffic.

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Preflight Familiarization

Before each flight, pilots must assess flight environment, weather, airspace, and surface conditions for hazards.

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Study Notes

Small Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Operating Rules

  • Alcohol or Drugs: Pilots manipulating UAS controls or acting as remote pilots/observers must follow FAA regulations 91.17 and 91.19.

  • Night Operation: Generally prohibited unless:

    • Remote pilot has completed required training/testing after April 6, 2021.
    • UAS has lighted anti-collision lighting visible for at least 3 miles with a flash rate to avoid collisions.
    • Remote pilot can reduce lighting intensity if safety is improved.
    • Civil twilight rules apply, varying by location (30 minutes before/after sunrise/sunset). Alaska has specific civil twilight definitions.
    • Waivers issued before April 21, 2021 are no longer valid after May 17, 2021 for night operations.
  • Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) Operation:

    • Pilot, observer (if applicable), and control operator must maintain continuous visual line of sight of the UAS throughout the flight. This is necessary for the pilot to maintain awareness of the following:
      • Precise location of the aircraft
      • Altitude, attitude, and direction of flight
      • Surrounding airspace for hazards/other aircraft.
      • Avoidance of endangerment to people/property.
    • VLOS must be maintained by either the pilot and control operator or a designated visual observer.
    • Effective communication must be maintained between all parties involved.
    • The observer must be able to observe the UAS.
    • The pilot and observer must coordinate to scan the airspace and maintain UAS awareness through direct observation.
  • Multiple UAS Operation: Only one UAS can be operated at a time by one person.

  • Hazardous Materials: No hazardous materials are permitted on UAS.

  • Right-of-Way: UAS must yield to all aircraft, vehicles, and launch/reentry vehicles. Cannot fly over, under, or ahead of other craft unless well clear. Cannot operate UAS so close to other aircraft as to create risk.

  • Operation Over Humans: Allowed only in specific circumstances:

    • Directly participating human in operation
    • Human under a covered structure or a stationary vehicle providing sufficient protection
    • Operation meets specific operational requirements for controlled operations in Subpart D.
  • Specific Airspace Restrictions: Operations in Class B, C, or D airspace or near Class E airport areas require explicit authorization from Air Traffic Control (ATC).

  • Airport Vicinity: UAS operation should never interfere with airport operations or traffic patterns.

  • Prohibited/Restricted Areas: Operations in these areas are forbidden unless permission is granted.

  • Notice to Airmen (NOTAM): Compliance necessary for flight restrictions.

  • Preflight Actions: Before flight, the pilot must assess risks, inform personnel, check control, power requirements, and security of attachments to the aircraft.

  • Operational Limitations:

    • Maximum ground speed: 87 knots (100 mph).
    • Maximum altitude: 400 feet AGL (above ground level) unless within 400 feet of a structure.
    • Minimum flight visibility: 3 statute miles.
    • Clouds: Maintain minimum distance of 500 feet below clouds and 2,000 feet horizontally from clouds
  • Transponder Prohibition: Generally, UAS cannot have a transponder activated unless specifically authorized by the governing body.

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