Types of Weathering: Physical and Chemical

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Questions and Answers

What type of weathering involves a chemical transformation of rock into one or more new compounds?

  • Chemical Weathering (correct)
  • Physical Weathering
  • Carbonation Weathering
  • Oxidation Weathering

Which process involves freezing and thawing of water in cracks in the rock that causes alternate expansion and contraction of rocks?

  • Carbonation
  • Leaching
  • Frost Wedging (correct)
  • Oxidation

In which climate is physical weathering dominant at high latitudes, altitudes, or in the winter?

  • Tropical Climates
  • Arid Climates
  • Cold and Humid Climates (correct)
  • Moist Climates

What type of weathering involves minerals absorbing water and chemically changing the composition of the material?

<p>Carbonation Weathering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the rate of weathering by causing cracks in the rock to expand as the root system increases in volume?

<p>Plant Action/Biological Action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about water's ability in leaching/dissolution weathering?

<p>It absorbs most minerals and metals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs in moist and humid climates, producing rounded and angular sediments?

<p>Water Abrasion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of soil is formed from the weathering of local bedrock and has the same mineral composition?

<p>Residual soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement within the soil known as?

<p>Translocation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which size category does clay fall under in terms of soil textures?

<p>Clay (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which soil horizon is mostly organic matter such as decomposing leaves?

<p>Horizon O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What holds together clumps of soil particles in aggregates?

<p>Organic compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which soil horizon consists of mostly weathered bedrock?

<p>Horizon C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chemical Weathering

A type of weathering that transforms rock into different compounds through chemical reactions.

Frost Wedging

The process of rock disintegration caused by repeated freezing and thawing of water in cracks.

Physical Weathering (Cold & Humid Climates)

Weathering that dominates in areas with fluctuating temperatures and sufficient water for freezing/thawing, leading to rock breakdown.

Carbonation Weathering

Weathering where minerals absorb water and alter composition.

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Biological Action/Plant Roots

The weathering effect of plant roots growing into cracks in rocks.

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Water's Leaching/Dissolution Power

Water's ability to carry away dissolved minerals and metals in weathering.

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Water Abrasion

Weathering by water, leading to rounded or angular sediments.

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Residual Soil

Soil formed directly from the weathering of the underlying bedrock.

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Soil Translocation

The movement of soil materials within the soil profile.

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Clay (Soil Texture)

A fine-grained soil texture.

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Horizon O (Soil)

Soil layer rich in organic matter.

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Soil Aggregates

Clumps of soil particles held together by organic compounds.

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Horizon C (Soil)

Weathered bedrock layer in soil profile.

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