Types of Volcanoes
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why an explosive eruption occurs?

  • Lack of volcanic heat and activity
  • Buildup of gas under viscous, slow-flowing, and thick magma (correct)
  • Absence of lava supply and geologic hot spot
  • Fracture or fissure in the earth's surface
  • What is the key difference between an active volcano and an inactive volcano?

  • Active volcanoes have fast-moving lava, while inactive volcanoes have slow-moving lava.
  • Active volcanoes have regular seismic activity and gas/vapor emission, while inactive volcanoes have reduced size and vegetation. (correct)
  • Active volcanoes have explosive eruptions, while inactive volcanoes have quiet eruptions.
  • Active volcanoes have geysers, while inactive volcanoes have a shut-off magma chamber.
  • What type of volcanic eruption is referred to as a 'glowing avalanche'?

  • Lava flow
  • Explosive eruption
  • Pyroclastic flow (correct)
  • Fissure or quiet eruption
  • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an inactive volcano?

    <p>Hot springs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason a fissure or quiet eruption occurs?

    <p>Low viscosity of lava allowing easy gas escape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an extinct volcano?

    <p>Lack of lava supply and distance from a geologic hot spot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes volcanoes to form?

    <p>Converging continental and oceanic plates or magma rising from the sea floor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of volcano classified according to structure and composition?

    <p>Caldera volcano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of a cinder cone volcano?

    <p>It is a steep conical hill made of pyroclastic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volcano has the steepest slope?

    <p>Composite volcano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of a shield volcano?

    <p>Fluid lava flows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which areas are most likely to have active volcanoes?

    <p>Plate boundaries, thin crust areas, and hotspots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification of Volcanic Eruptions

    • Explosive eruptions occur due to buildup of gas under viscous, slow-flowing magma, resulting in violent and rapid eruptions that spew volcanic material, lava, and ash over a large area
    • Fissure or quiet eruptions emit lava from a fracture or fissure, with low-viscosity lava allowing gas to escape easily

    Classification of Volcanoes by Intensity of Eruption

    • Central or explosive eruptions: buildup of gas under viscous magma leads to violent eruptions
    • Fissure or quiet eruptions: lava emitted from a fracture or fissure with low-viscosity magma

    Classification of Volcanoes by Periodicity of Eruption

    • Active volcanoes: regularly erupting or with recent activity, showing signs of gas emission and seismic activity
    • Inactive (dormant) volcanoes: capable of erupting again, but with no recent activity
    • Extinct volcanoes: unlikely to erupt again, with no lava supply and far from active geologic hotspots

    Features of Active and Inactive Volcanoes

    Active Volcanoes

    • Regular seismic activities
    • Acid gases and vapor emission
    • Hot springs
    • Geysers

    Inactive Volcanoes

    • Reduced size
    • Obliterated cone
    • Shut-off magma chamber
    • Vegetation

    Volcanic Eruptions

    • A volcanic eruption is a dangerous and disastrous natural phenomenon that sends out ash clouds, lava, and volcanic bombs
    • High risk of danger comes from moving lava, which can cause damage to property and human life
    • Volcanic eruptions can be classified by shape, size, lava flows, and discharged materials
    • The most dangerous type of eruption is a "glowing avalanche" of hot pyroclastic flows

    Types of Volcanoes

    • Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust where lava, ash, and hot gases flow or eject during an eruption
    • Volcanoes can form where there is a way for magma to flow out towards the surface of the Earth
    • Volcanoes are commonly found along plate boundaries, areas with thin crust, and above hotspots

    Classification of Volcanoes by Structure and Composition

    • Composite (strato) volcano: cone-shaped with layers of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash
    • Cinder cone volcano: steep conical hill of tephra that accumulates around the vent
    • Shield volcano: built entirely or mostly from fluid lava flows

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    Description

    Learn about the different types of volcanoes, which are openings in the earth's crust where lava, ash, and gases flow during eruptions. Understand how volcanoes form and the causes behind their eruption.

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