Types of Vacuoles Quiz

The main components are a series of flattened stacked pouches called cisternae.

The Golgi apparatus synthesizes and transports cell products, contributing to secretion and lysosome formation.

Lysosomes are involved in intracellular digestion, destroying foreign particles, and cleaning the cell.

<p>Camillo Golgi discovered the Golgi apparatus in 1898.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In animal cells, the Golgi body is a single complex, while in plant cells, it consists of separate units called dictyosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomes digest the cell's own material, particularly when the cell is damaged or dead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Golgi apparatus receives vesicles from the ER, elaborating their contents for further transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Golgi apparatus is absent in male gametes of bryophytes and pteridophytes, mature sieve tubes, some fungal cells, and mature sperms and RBCs of animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on its surface, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The endoplasmic reticulum, particularly the rough type, is the site for protein synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria are rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane; the inner membrane is folded into cristae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP, or Adenosine Triphosphate, is the energy currency of the cell, driving many energy-requiring processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplasts trap solar energy and use it for photosynthesis to manufacture food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid and steroid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grana are stacks of thylakoids that contain chlorophyll, where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The matrix is the fluid inside mitochondria containing enzymes necessary for oxidation of food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stroma is the site of the Calvin cycle, containing enzymes and materials necessary for light-independent reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The endoplasmic reticulum provides increased surface area for cellular metabolic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chloroplast remains functional and performs photosynthesis, releasing oxygen as long as it is in an isotonic medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cristae increase the surface area of the inner membrane for metabolic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two stages are the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide, water, and light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorophyll traps sunlight needed for the light reactions of photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The equation is $6CO_2 + 6H_2O \longrightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration where they convert carbohydrates into ATP energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplasts trap solar energy and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromoplasts are colorful plastids that synthesize and store pigments, contributing to the color of fruits and flowers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amyloplasts store starch, aleuroplasts store proteins, and elaioplasts store oils and fats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria have an inner membrane that creates compartments essential for the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plant cell would be unable to perform photosynthesis and produce its own food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light-dependent reactions require light to produce energy carriers, while light-independent reactions use those carriers to synthesize glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called grana, which increase the surface area for light capture and energy conversion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastids possess their own DNA and can replicate independently within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts that traps solar energy for photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Golgi bodies synthesize and repair cell membranes, form complex sugars, and package biochemical products for secretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomes are called 'suicidal bags' because they can digest the cell's own material during damage or cell death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomes contain powerful digestive enzymes that break down food particles and foreign materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vacuoles in plant cells are typically large central structures that can occupy up to 90% of the cell's volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Golgi bodies package lysosomal enzymes that are synthesized by the rough endoplasmic reticulum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vacuoles in plant cells are generally large and central, while those in animal cells may be smaller and varied in size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tonoplast is the membrane surrounding vacuoles, regulating the movement of substances in and out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomes digest damaged cell parts and foreign particles, thus acting as cellular scavengers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sap vacuole helps maintain turgidity and rigidity of the cell and serves as a storage space for various substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food vacuoles fuse with lysosomes to digest ingested food through the action of digestive enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The contractile vacuole collects excess liquid and expels waste products, functioning as an excretory unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The centrosome serves as an organizing center for microtubules, playing a crucial role in cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes are made of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and are the sites of protein synthesis in cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By maintaining turgor pressure, sap vacuoles contribute to the firmness and structural integrity of plant cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The contractile vacuole manages the excretion of carbon dioxide and ammonia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food vacuoles absorb nutrients by digesting food particles collected through pseudopodia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sap vacuole serves as a storage space for substances and helps maintain turgidity and osmotic pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food vacuoles surround and digest ingested food using digestive enzymes, providing nutrients to Amoeba.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractile vacuoles help in osmoregulation by collecting excess water and expelling it from the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A centrosome consists of a pair of centrioles and serves as a microtubule organizing center in animal cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of the centrosome is to act as the main microtubule organizing center (MTOC) and aid in cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, acting as the site where RNA is translated into proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They merge with the plasma membrane and release their contents outside the cell to remove waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The centrosome is composed of two perpendicular centrioles and pericentriolar material (PCM).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes on the rough ER are attached to its surface, while free ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In plant cells, centrosomes are absent as polar caps take over their functions in organizing microtubules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes are primarily composed of proteins and ribonucleic acid (RNA).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sap vacuoles store water and create internal pressure, helping maintain cell turgidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centrioles help in aster formation and the organization of the mitotic spindle during cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centrioles produce basal bodies which give rise to cilia and flagella, essential for cell movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In plant cells, polar caps perform the functions of centrosomes as centrioles are absent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA is involved in translating genetic information into proteins during protein synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes serve as the sites of protein synthesis, often referred to as the cell's protein factories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PCM is the material surrounding centrioles that contains proteins essential for microtubule formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sap vacuole functions as a generalized storage space and helps maintain turgidity and osmotic pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food vacuoles in amoebas collect waste materials and release them through diffusion after bursting at the surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractile vacuoles are extensible and collapsible, specifically functioning in osmoregulation and excretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A centrosome comprises two barrel-shaped structures called centrioles and a complex of microtubule proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis and are often referred to as the protein factories of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes can be attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough ER.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The contractile vacuole in amoeba acts as an excretory unit, removing waste materials from the cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centrioles are involved in the formation of spindle fibers during cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for internal cellular activities, while bound ribosomes produce proteins for export or membrane incorporation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centrosome controls the formation of mitotic spindle fibers, crucial for cell division and development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell inclusions are non-living materials in the protoplasm of a cell, such as glycogen and lipids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell wall is rigid and composed of cellulose and hemi-cellulose, providing structural support and protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nucleus is composed of protein, phosphorus, and RNA, serving as the master control center of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes, composed of RNA and protein, are essential for protein synthesis in all types of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria are semi-autonomous because they have their own DNA and are capable of self-replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The endoplasmic reticulum consists of membranes that form cisternae, vesicles, and tubules, and it aids in protein and lipid synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomes function as the digestive system of the cell, breaking down waste materials and cellular debris.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell inclusions are non-living materials found in the protoplasm, such as glycogen and lipids, and do not perform cellular activities like organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two semi-autonomous organelles in plant cells are mitochondria, which produce ATP, and chloroplasts, which facilitate photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on its surface, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell membrane is composed of lipids and proteins and acts as a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell walls in plant cells are rigid and composed of cellulose, while prokaryotic cells have a peptidoglycan layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cytoplasm contains insoluble wastes and products, serving as a medium for chemical reactions and cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers