Types of Speech and Communication Styles
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Questions and Answers

What is characteristic of consultative speech?

  • It always includes technical vocabulary.
  • It features the use of full names and titles.
  • It is used only in formal events.
  • It includes shorter sentences and slang. (correct)

Which type of speech is most appropriate for formal events?

  • Informal speech
  • Formal speech (correct)
  • Consultative speech
  • Spontaneous speech

What distinguishes frozen speech from other types of speech?

  • It allows for repetition and informal language.
  • It is highly structured and symbolic. (correct)
  • It involves spontaneous and casual dialogue.
  • It is mainly used in group discussions.

Which of the following is an example of locution?

<p>Greeting someone with 'Hello!'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of illocution?

<p>The intention behind the speaker's message. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which environments is consultative speech commonly used?

<p>Group discussions and workplaces. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT typically associated with formal speech?

<p>Use of colloquial expressions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of speech is characterized by avoiding repetition and using full names?

<p>Formal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of perception?

<p>Looking outward (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are our expectations formed?

<p>Influenced by our relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of communication involves two people?

<p>Dyad communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes public communication?

<p>One-way communication with minimal feedback (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary speech style used in intimate communication?

<p>Spontaneous and informal language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes casual communication?

<p>Involves colloquial and everyday language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do beliefs, attitudes, and values play in perception?

<p>They shape our understanding and interpretation of reality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of speech styles?

<p>They vary according to the audience and context (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of intrapersonal communication?

<p>Clarifying and reflecting on one's own ideas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of self-concept is shaped by our learned personal orientation?

<p>Beliefs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do values relate to beliefs in the context of self-concept?

<p>Values are aligned with and based on beliefs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do attitudes play in our self-concept?

<p>They are emotional dispositions that influence behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a goal of the module on Oral Communication in Context?

<p>Learn to give persuasive speeches. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of a shift in speech context?

<p>It alters the communication elements involved. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive aspect is crucial for how we respond when interacting with others?

<p>Self-concept (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main elements that significantly affect our behavior as mentioned in the module?

<p>Beliefs, values, and attitudes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of topic shifting in a debate?

<p>To keep the conversation flowing smoothly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents a self-initiated repair?

<p>A speaker clarifying their previous statement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are indirect strategies for termination likely to include?

<p>Looking at your watch or yawning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a speaker approach topic shifting?

<p>By ensuring a smooth transition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the listener in a repair process?

<p>To indicate when clarification is needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a controlled discourse in a debate?

<p>The topic is predetermined and orderly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical characteristic of a polite speaker when shifting topics?

<p>Ending the prior topic courteously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is repair important in communication?

<p>It prevents miscommunication from derailing the interaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does illocutionary force refer to in communication?

<p>The intended action or effect of the statement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes perlocution in communication?

<p>The effect the utterance has on the listener. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sub-category of communicative competence deals with the rules of syntax and morphology?

<p>Grammatical competence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can communicative competence be improved?

<p>Through practice and learning effective communication strategies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is an example of locutionary force?

<p>How about passing me that book? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of sociolinguistic competence?

<p>Using formal language in a job interview. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The utterance 'All is well' serves which communicative function?

<p>Comforting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of discourse competence?

<p>Using synonyms to avoid repetition in speech. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of nomination in communicative strategies?

<p>To initiate a conversation on a chosen topic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does restriction differ from nomination in communication?

<p>Restriction limits feedback from listeners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What essential role does turn-taking play in a conversation?

<p>It establishes norms for who speaks next (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates topic control in a discussion?

<p>A debate where one side must argue for their proposition only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of communication does restriction exemplify?

<p>One-way and formal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would turn-taking be critical?

<p>In a formal parliamentary debate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of nomination in a conversation?

<p>Prompting the initiation of discussion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of an effective communicative strategy?

<p>Talking over others in a discussion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Self-concept

The way we perceive ourselves, formed by our beliefs, values, and attitudes.

Beliefs

Learned opinions about what is right or wrong, good or bad.

Values

Ideals that align with our beliefs and guide our actions.

Attitudes

Learned reactions, either positive or negative, towards a topic.

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Behavior

How we behave, influenced by beliefs, values, and attitudes.

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Intrapersonal Communication

Communication that occurs within oneself, focusing on self-reflection, clarifying thoughts and feelings.

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How self-concept influences communication

The role of internal communication in shaping how we interact with others.

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Communication Process

A process of understanding and responding to messages, including the sender's intention and context.

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Life scripts

The idea that future expectations about how we'll act in a role influence our communication and behavior.

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How relationships mold expectations

Interactions with people shape what we anticipate from others in the future.

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Dyad

Communication between two people, like a conversation.

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Small group communication

Communication involving three or more people, often to solve problems or strategize.

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Public communication

Communication with a large audience, usually one-way, like a lecture.

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Intimate communication

Close and familiar communication style, often using slang or jargon.

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Casual communication

Informal communication style, often using colloquial words.

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Importance of speech styles

Different situations require different ways of speaking.

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Informal Speech

A conversational style used in casual settings with close friends and family.

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Formal Speech

A structured and formal style of communication used in professional settings and public events.

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Consultative Speech

A style of speech used in discussions and conversations within groups, including school, work, and social gatherings.

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Frozen Speech

The most formal speech style used during ceremonies and respectful situations. Language is precise, symbolic, and often historical.

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Locution (Utterance)

The actual words or phrases spoken in an utterance. Focuses on 'what was said' rather than the intended meaning.

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Illocution (Intention)

The speaker's intended meaning behind the words. Focuses on the speaker's purpose and intent.

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Spontaneous Speech

A type of speech where spontaneous communication takes place. Examples include using slang, repeating words, and informal word choices.

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Formal Speech Style

A style of speech where word choice is careful and deliberate, with a slower tempo and complex grammatical structure.

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Locutionary Force

The literal meaning of words in a sentence. It's about the grammar and structure.

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Illocutionary Force

The intended meaning of an utterance, considering the speaker's goal. It's about the function of the statement.

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Perlocutionary Force

The effect of the utterance on the receiver. It's about the impact of the communication.

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Communicative Competence

The ability to use language effectively in various situations, taking into account grammar, discourse, social context, and cultural norms.

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Grammatical Competence

Proficiency in the grammar rules of a language, including syntax and morphology.

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Discourse Competence

The ability to use language cohesively and coherently, creating meaningful and organized discourse.

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Sociolinguistic Competence

The ability to use language appropriately in different social situations, understanding cultural norms and social cues.

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Strategic Competence

The ability to use language effectively for various purposes and achieve desired outcomes.

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Communicative Strategies

A set of techniques to overcome communication challenges, like misunderstandings or difficulties expressing ideas.

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Nomination

The act of initiating a conversation or introducing a new topic.

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Restriction

A one-way communication where the listener doesn't actively participate.

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Turn-taking

A way of taking turns speaking in a conversation, ensuring everyone gets a chance to contribute.

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Topic Control

Keeping the discussion focused on the chosen topic, preventing tangents.

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Speech Styles

Different communication styles based on the relationship and context.

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Topic shifting

A strategy used in communication to change the topic being discussed, requiring politeness and courtesy.

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Turn-taking Rules

The rules and unspoken understandings about how to participate in a conversation, influenced by culture, traditions, and norms.

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Repair in communication

The act of correcting miscommunication or misarticulation during a conversation to ensure interaction continues smoothly.

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Termination in communication

Ending a conversation in a socially acceptable way, using either direct or indirect strategies.

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Controlled discourse

A communication strategy where a speaker maintains control over the discourse, usually through predetermined topics or turns for speaking.

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Class reporting

A type of communication where there is a predetermined topic which each participant reports on in turn.

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Communication strategy

A verbal or nonverbal action that is intended to communicate a meaning.

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Interaction

The process of conveying and understanding information between two or more people.

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Turn sequence

The sequence of turns or contributions in a conversation.

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Study Notes

Strategies in Various Speech Situations

  • This module aims to teach students about different speech contexts, styles, and appropriate usage in various social situations.
  • It covers the effects of these strategies on elements in the communication process.

Intrapersonal Communication

  • Intrapersonal communication involves clarifying ideas, analyzing situations, and reflecting on experiences.
  • The communicator acts as both sender and receiver of the message.
  • Self-Concept:
    • Our perception of ourselves influences our actions and how we interact with others.
    • Self-concept is affected by beliefs, values, and attitudes.
    • Beliefs: Personal orientations about right/wrong, good/bad, these can be prescriptive or descriptive.
    • Values: Ideals that align with beliefs.
    • Attitudes: Learned emotional dispositions for or against a topic.
    • These three elements affect behavior and how you conduct yourself towards others.
  • Perception:
    • Focusing on the external world influences perception of self-concept.
    • Perceptions are rooted in beliefs, attitudes, and values.
  • Expectations:
    • Future-oriented messages about roles in life.
    • Shaped by relationships with others.

Interpersonal Communication

  • Interpersonal communication involves interaction with one or more people in a small or large group contexts.
    • Dyad: Interaction between two people.
    • Small group: Three or more people interacting.
    • Public: Interaction with a large group (one way communication).

Types of Speech Style

  • Communication styles vary based on the context and audience.
  • Intimate: Used with family & close friends, spontaneous, often uses jargon/slang.
  • Casual: Used with family & friends in daily conversations, colloquial words and slang.
  • Consultative: Used in group settings, discussions, trade conventions, etc. Speech is typically direct but not overly formal.
  • Formal: Used for occasions with serious topics, e.g. speeches, meetings. Formal vocabulary and grammar are needed.
  • Frozen: Used during ceremonies, steeped in history, well-articulated and very symbolic.

Types of Speech Act

  • Locution (Utterance): Literal meaning of words, phrases, and sentences.
  • Illocution (Intention): Speaker's intended meaning considering context (why, where, when, how).
  • Perlocution (Response): Effect of the utterance on the receiver, influence speaker has.

Turn-Taking

  • Individuals in conversations take turns speaking. Rules are often culturally or contextually based.
  • Topic Control: Limiting discussions to a set topic, like in debates.
  • Topic Shifting: Changing conversation topics smoothly and politely.
  • Repair: Correcting miscommunication or misarticulation when communicating.
  • Termination: Ending a conversation in a tactful way.

Communicative Competency

  • The ability to effectively convey and interpret messages is learnable, based on these four categories:
    • Grammatical competence: Syntax and morphology.
    • Discourse competence: Using correct words and coherence in communication.
    • Sociolinguistic competence: Using appropriate language for different situations.
    • Strategic competence: Adapting communication appropriately based on factors in communication.

Types of Communicative Strategy

  • Nomination: Introducing a topic to begin communication.
  • Restriction: Limiting discussion to one direction/speaker.

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Strategies in Various Speech Situations PDF

Description

This quiz explores various types of speech, including consultative, formal, and frozen speech, as well as the characteristics of communication styles. Test your knowledge on how different speech types function in various environments and their implications in interpersonal interactions. Perfect for students studying communication or speech-related topics.

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