Types of Solutions in Chemistry

Study Notes

Saturated solution: Holds the maximum quantity of solute that can be dissolved at a specific temperature; additional solute will remain undissolved.
Supersaturated solution: Contains a higher concentration of solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature, achieved through specific methods.
Creation of a supersaturated solution: Involves heating the solvent to elevate its capacity to dissolve more solute before cooling it slowly to maintain excess solute in solution.

Unsaturated solution: Observed in scenarios before reaching saturation, such as when salt is added to water and fully dissolves.
Saturated solution: Characterized by having undissolved solute present; for example, salt in water where no more salt can dissolve.
Supersaturated solution: Commonly found in carbonated beverages, where the dissolved gas exceeds the saturation point, maintaining solubility until pressure changes.

A saturated solution holds the maximum solute capable of dissolving in a given solvent at a specific temperature.
Excess solute added to a saturated solution remains undissolved, indicating the solution's limit.

A supersaturated solution contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature, surpassing normal solubility limits.
To create a supersaturated solution, heat the solvent to increase solubility, then gently cool it while keeping the solute in suspension.

Unsaturated Solution: A mixture where some salt is added to water but hasn’t reached the saturation point, allowing more solute to dissolve.
Saturated Solution: A mixture where salt has been added to water until no more dissolves, with some undissolved salt remaining at the bottom.
Supersaturated Solution: Carbonated drinks exemplify this type, as they contain excess dissolved carbon dioxide under pressure, which can escape when opened.