10 Questions
Which sampling method is most likely to be used in a study that aims to reflect the diversity of the population?
Quota
Which sampling method is most likely to introduce biases due to convenience?
Haphazard
Which sampling method is most suitable for a study that aims to explore the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health, as mentioned in the example?
Haphazard
Which sampling method involves getting referrals from one or a few cases, then referrals from those cases, and so forth?
Snowball
Which sampling method aims to get all possible cases that fit particular criteria using various methods?
Purposive
What type of sampling is used when the population is divided into subgroups based on age and gender, and then a specific number of individuals are selected from each subgroup?
Stratified sampling
When using 'deviant case sampling', what type of cases are typically selected for investigation?
Unusual cases
What is the primary advantage of using snowball sampling?
It allows the researcher to access difficult-to-reach populations
What type of bias may be present in a study that uses purposive sampling to gather insights from early adopters of electric vehicles?
Sampling bias
Which sampling method involves dividing the population into distinct groups called strata and then randomly selecting participants from each stratum?
Stratified sampling
Study Notes
Types of Sampling Methods
- Haphazard (Convenience/Accidental) Sampling: Get cases in any manner that is convenient, introducing biases in the sample.
- Example: Studying the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health by interviewing the first 15 students available during lunch break at a local high school.
- Bias: Sample is biased towards students with strong opinions or those with free time during lunch break.
Quota Sampling
- Quota Sampling: Get a preset number of cases in several predetermined categories that reflect the diversity of the population, using haphazard methods.
- Example: Studying consumer preferences regarding sustainable packaging in the food industry by dividing the population into subgroups based on age and gender, then interviewing 25 people from each age group.
- Bias: Sample is diverse, but does not guarantee statistical representation of the population as a whole.
Purposive Sampling
- Purposive Sampling: Get all cases that fit a particular criteria, often used for in-depth investigation.
- Example: Studying the motivations and challenges faced by early adopters of electric vehicles by selecting participants who have owned and used an electric vehicle for at least one year.
- Bias: Allows for rich, detailed insights, but results may not be generalizable to all-electric vehicle owners or potential buyers.
Snowball Sampling
- Snowball Sampling (Network, Chain Referral, Reputational): Get cases using referrals, creating networks represented by sociograms.
- Example: Exploring the living conditions, challenges, and coping mechanisms of undocumented immigrants in a particular city by making contact with local NGOs and then using referrals to expand the sample.
- Bias: Allows access to a hard-to-reach population, but may not be representative of the entire population.
Test your knowledge on different sampling techniques such as Haphazard, Quota, Purposive, Snowball, and Sequential. Understand how each method is used to gather data effectively.
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