Org. Change Ch. 4 (MC)
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Questions and Answers

According to Kroeber and Kluckhohn (1952), culture consists of...

  • Patterned ways of thinking, feeling, and reacting (correct)
  • Invisible patterns of behavior
  • Written laws and regulations
  • Unpredictable and random behaviors
  • What does Schein (1992) define as organiza$onal culture?

  • Basic assumptions and beliefs shared by members of an organization (correct)
  • Purely individual beliefs and thoughts
  • Visible structures and processes within an organization
  • Externally imposed rules and regulations
  • According to Bate (1996), is culture resistant to change?

  • Yes, it cannot be changed
  • No, it is changing all the time (correct)
  • It can only be changed through external interventions
  • It depends on the size of the organization
  • What are the three perspectives identified for culture change?

    <p>Culture can be managed, manipulated, or cannot be consciously changed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general agreement regarding achieving culture change?

    <p>There is a need to assess the current situation and have a clear vision of the aimed-for situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is single-loop learning also referred to as?

    <p>Individual learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Johnson (1990), what type of learning involves questioning the means as well as the goals themselves?

    <p>Double-loop learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Schwartz and Davis (1981) propose as a way of measuring culture?

    <p>Measuring culture in terms of management tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible choice for management in dealing with cultural incompatibility with proposed strategic change?

    <p>Changing the culture to fit the strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What step relates to transforming a supply chain according to Halm (2014)?

    <p>Defining and implementing new business processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three levels of culture according to Schein?

    <p>Artifacts, espoused values, basic underlying assumptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an element of the cultural web for revealing organizational cultures?

    <p>Technology and infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the compass model of culture, what are the behavioral components that lead to different culture typologies?

    <p>Assertiveness and responsiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is used for revealing organizational cultures and consists of artifacts, shared basic assumptions, values, and beliefs?

    <p>Cultural web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can cultural change be facilitated according to the text?

    <p>By interventions, monitoring outcomes, and adjusting as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organizational culture type operates through logic and rules, emphasizing defined roles and is least conducive to change?

    <p>Role culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which culture type focuses on project work, devolves decision making to projects, and thrives in creative environments?

    <p>Task culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which typology of culture, strategy, and environment includes tough-guy, macho, work-hard/play-hard, bet-your-company, and process cultures?

    <p>Deal and Kennedy's typology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which culture type invests heavily in long-term projects and has top-down decision making?

    <p>Bet-your-company culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dimension did Scholz add to bring culture and environment together?

    <p>Evolution-induced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Charles Handy identified four organizational culture types: power, role, task, and person.
    • Power cultures have a single dominant person or group, centralized decision making, and decisions based on influence.
    • Role cultures operate through logic and rules, emphasize defined roles, and are least conducive to change.
    • Task cultures focus on project work, devolve decision making to projects, and thrive in creative environments.
    • Person cultures exist to serve members and have minimal structures.
    • Deal and Kennedy proposed a typology of culture, strategy, and environment, including tough-guy, macho, work-hard/play-hard, bet-your-company, and process cultures.
    • Tough-guy cultures have high risks, focus on speed, and have high turnover.
    • Work-hard/play-hard cultures emphasize the team and have low risk.
    • Bet-your-company cultures invest heavily in long-term projects and have top-down decision making.
    • Process cultures focus on technical perfection and are effective in stable environments.
    • Scholz added three dimensions to bring culture and environment together: external-induced, internal-induced, and evolution-induced.
    • Five culture types emerged: stable, reactive, anticipating, exploring, and creative.
    • Segmentalist cultures compartmentalize problems and have weak coordinating mechanisms.
    • Integrative cultures combine ideas from unconnected sources, encourage differences, and are outward looking.
    • Single-loop learning assumes goals are fixed and only considers ways to reach those goals.

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    Description

    Learn about the four organizational culture types proposed by Charles Handy in 1993. Understand the characteristics of power culture and its impact on decision making within an organization.

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