Types of Macromolecules in Biology

<p>Store energy and act as signaling molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By stabilizing the transition state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Products are released as they have lower bond affinity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the enzyme is exposed to extreme pH or temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dynamic, with a phospholipid bilayer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small nonpolar molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By providing a channel specific for water molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport of materials out of the cell via vesicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotic cells are characterized by compartmentalized organelles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Break down macromolecules in an acidic environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Four major organic molecules essential for life: proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Macromolecules that perform critical reactions and provide structure in cells; composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Macromolecules that carry genetic information and energy carriers; composed of nucleotides linked by phosphodiester bonds.

Sugars that provide energy for metabolism; composed of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds.

Hydrophobic molecules that serve as energy storage, signaling components (steroids), and structural bases (phospholipids) for cell membranes.

The set of chemical reactions that convert molecules and transfer energy to sustain life.

Metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy (ATP).

Metabolic pathways that build molecules from smaller units, requiring energy input (ATP).

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells, highly specific for substrates.

Enzyme wraps around substrates, optimizing their orientation for reaction in the active site.

The specific region on an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Cell membranes consist of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, forming a selective barrier.

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a membrane.

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration.

Cells characterized by a nucleus containing genetic material and membrane-bound organelles; complex structure.