Classification of Laxatives Flashcards

Classification of Laxatives

• Bulk Forming Laxatives

  • Composed of natural or synthetic fibers.
  • Includes Psyllium seeds, Methylcellulose, and Polycarbophil.
  • Function by absorbing water to increase stool bulk and stimulate bowel movement.

• Stimulant Laxatives

  • Act directly on the intestinal walls to stimulate contractions.
  • Key examples are Bisacodyl, Aloe, and Senna.
  • Often used for quick relief from constipation.

• Stool Softeners

  • Help to mix fluid into stools, making them easier to pass.
  • Common types include Docusate, Glycerin suppository, and Mineral oil.
  • Recommended for individuals where strain during bowel movements is the concern.

• Chloride Channel Activator

  • Specifically Lubiprostone.
  • Increases intestinal fluid secretion by activating chloride channels.
  • Aids in subsequent stool passage, often for chronic constipation.

• 5HT4 Receptor Agonists

  • Enhance gastrointestinal motility by activating serotonin receptors.
  • Includes Tegaserod, Cisapride, and Prucalopride.
  • Useful for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and constipation.

• Osmotic Laxatives

  • Draw water into the intestines to soften the stool.
  • Key agents are Magnesium Hydroxide, Sorbitol, Lactulose, and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
  • Often recommended for safe, effective relief from constipation.

• Opioid mu Receptor Antagonists

  • Counteract opioid-induced constipation by blocking specific receptors in the gut.
  • Notable examples include Methylnaltrexone and Alvimopan.
  • Administered to patients on opioids who experience constipation as a side effect.