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Questions and Answers
What is the maximum duration for using Diclofenac Gel before requiring referral to a medical doctor?
What is the maximum duration for using Diclofenac Gel before requiring referral to a medical doctor?
Which of the following is NOT a complementary therapy mentioned for arthritis management?
Which of the following is NOT a complementary therapy mentioned for arthritis management?
What is the primary indication for using Diclofenac Gel?
What is the primary indication for using Diclofenac Gel?
Which option is suggested for patients experiencing significant impact on ambulation?
Which option is suggested for patients experiencing significant impact on ambulation?
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What has replaced acetaminophen as the first-line treatment option for back pain?
What has replaced acetaminophen as the first-line treatment option for back pain?
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What characterizes an acute traumatic injury?
What characterizes an acute traumatic injury?
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Which of the following is an example of an injury caused by chronic repetitive motion?
Which of the following is an example of an injury caused by chronic repetitive motion?
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In the PQRST method for pain assessment, what does 'Q' stand for?
In the PQRST method for pain assessment, what does 'Q' stand for?
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Which factor is not included in the PQRST pain assessment method?
Which factor is not included in the PQRST pain assessment method?
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What should be primarily focused on for self-care in regards to sprains and strains?
What should be primarily focused on for self-care in regards to sprains and strains?
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What is the recommended duration for applying ice (cryotherapy) to an injured area?
What is the recommended duration for applying ice (cryotherapy) to an injured area?
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Which symptom indicates that a healthcare professional should be consulted rather than self-care?
Which symptom indicates that a healthcare professional should be consulted rather than self-care?
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What is a recommended nonpharmacologic therapy for managing pain?
What is a recommended nonpharmacologic therapy for managing pain?
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What should be avoided while using external analgesics?
What should be avoided while using external analgesics?
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For which condition is capsaicin cream NOT recommended?
For which condition is capsaicin cream NOT recommended?
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What is the purpose of using heat (thermotherapy) in pain management?
What is the purpose of using heat (thermotherapy) in pain management?
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Which is a contraindication for topical anesthetics?
Which is a contraindication for topical anesthetics?
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What is the recommended dosage frequency for counterirritants?
What is the recommended dosage frequency for counterirritants?
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What is a characteristic symptom of osteoarthritis?
What is a characteristic symptom of osteoarthritis?
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Which type of medication is strongly recommended for osteoarthritis in hip and knee treatment?
Which type of medication is strongly recommended for osteoarthritis in hip and knee treatment?
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What is one of the initial self-care recommendations after an osteoarthritis diagnosis?
What is one of the initial self-care recommendations after an osteoarthritis diagnosis?
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What type of therapy benefits from disposable heating patches?
What type of therapy benefits from disposable heating patches?
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When dealing with systemic pain, which of these is considered a crucial sign to consult a healthcare professional?
When dealing with systemic pain, which of these is considered a crucial sign to consult a healthcare professional?
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What is the maximum duration for the use of systemic analgesics in self-care?
What is the maximum duration for the use of systemic analgesics in self-care?
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Study Notes
Types of Injuries
- Acute Traumatic injuries have a sudden onset with a clear cause.
- Examples include ankle sprains (grades I, II, III), tendinitis (elbow strain), and muscle tears.
- Sprains involve stretching or tearing ligaments.
- Tendinitis is inflammation of a tendon.
- Myalgia, or muscle pain, can have various causes and presentation.
Patient Assessment
- PQRST method is used for pain assessment.
- Precipitating factors, Quality, Region, Severity, and Time of pain are assessed.
- Modifying factors and other symptoms are also considered.
Self-Care Exclusion of Sprains and Strains
- Severe pain or tenderness lasting more than 10 days or greater than 7 days with topical analgesic use are causes for concern.
- Increased pain intensity or a change in pain character, along with accompanying symptoms (nausea, vomiting, fever, infection), are reasons for concern.
- Pelvic or abdominal pain, weakness/numbness, or the inability to bear weight on the injured joint warrant further medical attention.
- Pregnancy and young children (< 2 years) require special consideration.
Preventative Strategies
- Warm-up and stretching before activities, and cooling down afterwards, are important preventive measures.
- Maintaining a healthy weight and good footwear are essential for injury prevention.
- Appropriate pacing in exercise intensity, duration, and frequency is important.
Nonpharmacologic Therapy
- RICE: rest, ice, compression, elevation (use as soon as possible or within 12-24 hours).
- Ice is best applied 15-20 minutes at a time 3-4 times a day; for more severe injuries or if swelling subsides, apply 48-72 hours later.
- Compression is from elastic bandages or wraps for support.
- Elevate the injured part 2-3 hours a day.
- Heat therapy is used for 15-20 minutes to relieve stiffness and pain, most effective for chronic conditions.
Disposable Heating Patches/Pads
- Provide low-level topical heat for at least 8 hours.
- Heat reaches a specified temperature within 30 minutes.
- Simple application involves placing the pouch with the heat disc over the affected area.
External Analgesics (Counterirritants)
- These are approved for minor muscle/joint aches.
- They trigger a paradoxical pain relief effect by reducing pain sensation.
- They may stimulate sensations of heat, cold or itching.
- External analgesics have limited absorption through the skin (percutaneous absorption).
- Tight bandages and thermotherapy should not be used with external analgesics in case of burned or damaged skin.
- They are not recommended for children under 2 years old.
Topical Anesthetics
- Topical anesthetics, such as lidocaine (0.5-4%), can relieve pain and itching.
- Topical anesthetics are often creams, patches, or gels.
- They are primarily used in neuropathic pain from injuries.
- Topical anesthetics should only be used with a duration of 7 days max.
Osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis involves gradual cartilage destruction.
- It mostly affects weight-bearing joints like knees, hips, hands, and lower back.
- Symptoms include dull pain relieved by rest, joint stiffness, and localized inflammation.
- Cartilage fibrillation, meniscal degeneration, and osteophyte formation are common manifestations.
Guidelines for Osteoarthritis
- Treatments vary based on the location of the affected joint (knee, hip, hand).
- NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) are frequently recommended for knees and hips. Acetaminophen is sometimes used as well.
- Topical NSAIDs might be considered initially due to their localized effects.
Diclofenac Gel
- This is a topical NSAID.
- Use as directed by product instruction/dosing card.
- Follow use for a maximum of 21 days and consult a medical professional afterwards.
- Not for immediate pain relief
Complementary Therapies
- These encompass various methods, including exercise, weight loss, canes, heat therapy, tai chi, knee braces, and fitting.
- These methods help treat osteoarthritis and improve ambulation.
Back Pain
- Acetaminophen is no longer the first-line treatment for back pain.
- NSAIDs are an alternative.
- Nonpharmacological treatment alongside NSAIDs is highly recommended.
- Heat therapy is a nonpharmacological strategy for pain relief.
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Description
This quiz covers the types of injuries, including acute traumatic injuries like sprains and tendinitis. It also explores the PQRST method for pain assessment and criteria for self-care exclusion of sprains and strains. Assess your understanding of injury management and patient assessment techniques.
