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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a component of the HOPS evaluation process?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the HOPS evaluation process?
During the palpation stage of the HOPS evaluation process, what is the primary goal?
During the palpation stage of the HOPS evaluation process, what is the primary goal?
Which of the following is NOT a distinct evaluation type used in athletic training?
Which of the following is NOT a distinct evaluation type used in athletic training?
What is the primary purpose of understanding the anatomical directions 'medial' and 'lateral'?
What is the primary purpose of understanding the anatomical directions 'medial' and 'lateral'?
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What is the purpose of performing special tests during an injury evaluation?
What is the purpose of performing special tests during an injury evaluation?
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What is the definition of 'etiology'?
What is the definition of 'etiology'?
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When conducting a special test, why is it important to perform it on the uninvolved side first?
When conducting a special test, why is it important to perform it on the uninvolved side first?
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Which body plane is used to define the terms 'superior' and 'inferior'?
Which body plane is used to define the terms 'superior' and 'inferior'?
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What is the primary purpose of a neurologic assessment during an injury evaluation?
What is the primary purpose of a neurologic assessment during an injury evaluation?
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What is the definition of 'prognosis' in injury assessment?
What is the definition of 'prognosis' in injury assessment?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of strength examination used in injury evaluation?
Which of the following is NOT a type of strength examination used in injury evaluation?
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Why is it important for athletic trainers to understand the activity of the athlete when evaluating an injury?
Why is it important for athletic trainers to understand the activity of the athlete when evaluating an injury?
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What is a dermatome?
What is a dermatome?
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What term refers to the process of identifying a specific condition during the injury assessment?
What term refers to the process of identifying a specific condition during the injury assessment?
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Which of the following is NOT a valid reason to obtain and consider the history of the injury during evaluation?
Which of the following is NOT a valid reason to obtain and consider the history of the injury during evaluation?
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Which of these is NOT a benefit of knowing the activity of an athlete when performing an injury assessment?
Which of these is NOT a benefit of knowing the activity of an athlete when performing an injury assessment?
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What is the primary purpose of functional testing in the context of sports injuries?
What is the primary purpose of functional testing in the context of sports injuries?
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Which imaging technique is considered the 'gold standard' for detecting soft-tissue lesions?
Which imaging technique is considered the 'gold standard' for detecting soft-tissue lesions?
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What is the main purpose of injecting a contrast agent in MRI arthrography?
What is the main purpose of injecting a contrast agent in MRI arthrography?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason why detailed documentation is crucial in sports injury evaluation?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why detailed documentation is crucial in sports injury evaluation?
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In the context of sensory testing, what information is typically sought from the athlete?
In the context of sensory testing, what information is typically sought from the athlete?
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Which of the following diagnostic tests is most useful for detecting stress fractures?
Which of the following diagnostic tests is most useful for detecting stress fractures?
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What factor is considered when determining the appropriateness of functional testing?
What factor is considered when determining the appropriateness of functional testing?
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Which of the following imaging techniques is LEAST likely to be used to determine the presence of a fracture?
Which of the following imaging techniques is LEAST likely to be used to determine the presence of a fracture?
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Flashcards
Injury Assessment
Injury Assessment
Evaluation processes used to determine the extent of injuries.
Preparticipation Evaluation
Preparticipation Evaluation
Assessment performed before the start of the sports season to check athletes' readiness.
Off-the-field Evaluation
Off-the-field Evaluation
Assessment conducted in a clinic or athletic training room after an injury occurs.
Directional Terms
Directional Terms
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Abdominopelvic Quadrants
Abdominopelvic Quadrants
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Mechanism of Injury
Mechanism of Injury
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Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
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Prognosis
Prognosis
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HOPS Evaluation
HOPS Evaluation
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History in HOPS
History in HOPS
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Observation in HOPS
Observation in HOPS
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Palpation in HOPS
Palpation in HOPS
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Special Tests in HOPS
Special Tests in HOPS
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Range of Motion (ROM)
Range of Motion (ROM)
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Neurological Assessment
Neurological Assessment
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Dermatome vs Myotome
Dermatome vs Myotome
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Neurological Status
Neurological Status
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Functional Testing
Functional Testing
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Pain Level Monitoring
Pain Level Monitoring
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Accurate Documentation
Accurate Documentation
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Plain Film Radiographs
Plain Film Radiographs
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CT Scan
CT Scan
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MRI
MRI
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MRI Arthrography
MRI Arthrography
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Study Notes
Injury Assessment AT 200
- A warning is given about a graphic photo on the next slide, potentially showing an injury.
- Objectives for the injury assessment course include defining terminology, understanding the evaluation outline, defining the administrative aspects of evaluations, and clarifying the purpose of special tests or additional testing.
- Injury evaluations are a core skill for athletic trainers.
- Four distinct evaluations are crucial: preparticipation, on-the-field, off-the-field (clinic), and progress evaluations.
- Athletic trainers need general knowledge of anatomy, biomechanics, and sport-specific hazards.
- Surface anatomy is essential for an evaluation. Key landmarks provide indications of normal or injured structures.
- Anatomical planes (sagittal, transverse, and coronal) are used as references.
- Directional terms (medial, lateral, inferior, superior, proximal, distal) are key for accurate descriptions and examinations.
- The abdominopelvic quadrants are four corresponding regions of the abdomen, used for diagnostic purposes.
- Understanding the activities associated with sports is essential for effective injury diagnosis and rehabilitation. Proper biomechanics and kinesiology must be applied.
- Violations of biomechanical or kinesiological principles may lead to repetitive overuse injuries.
- Descriptive assessment terms include etiology (cause of injury/disease), mechanism (mechanical description of the cause), and pathology (science of disease causes and effects).
- Differential diagnosis is another assessment term, referring to a list of potential causes and prioritizing possibilities.
- A diagnosis names a specific condition.
- A prognosis predicts the course of the affected condition.
- Injury evaluations can be performed on-site or in clinical settings; and they are used for acute or delayed injuries.
- The core four parts of the standard evaluation (HOPS) include history, observation, palpation, and special tests.
- History: Inquire about previous injuries, illnesses, past treatments, the event, extent of injury and mechanisms of injury. Specific qualifying questions include what is the problem, how and when did it happen, did you hear anything, which direction did the joint move and describe the pain sensation.
- Observation: Look for observable asymmetries, malalignments, deformities, limping of movement patterns, and the body position. Check facial expressions for cues, determine if there are any abnormal sounds and note swelling, heat, redness, inflammation, and discoloration.
- Palpation: Examination of soft tissue and bony structures.
- Special Tests: Evaluate pathologies. Comparing inert and contractile tissues is crucial. These tests are performed bilaterally (on both sides) for comparison. Range of motion, active and passive, normal vs. abnormal endpoints, manual muscle tests, and goniometric measurements may be used.
- Other strength evaluation methods are isometric tests or break tests.
- Special Tests are designed to confirm conditions or eliminate possibilities. They involve mimicking symptoms or highlighting comparable signs. Special tests are usually performed on the uninvolved side first.
- Additional neurological assessments include sensory testing, motor testing, reflex testing, determining if numbness, tingling, shooting, or burning pain is present; and referring pain to other locations. Dermatomes (area of skin innervated by a single nerve) and myotom (muscle/group of muscles innervated by a single nerve) are also part of the assessment.
- Functional testing is important for return-to-play evaluations or assessments; and must mimic actual game functions, understand sport demands and positions, and closely monitor pain levels and performance to prevent furthering injury to the initially affected area. Additional factors to consider for functional testing include involvement of other body parts or another person during the test.
- Documentation of injury evaluations is crucial. Complete, accurate, and concise documentation is essential for billing and record-keeping.
- Additional diagnostic tests include plain film radiographs (X-rays), computed tomography (CT) scans, bone scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MRI arthrography, and musculoskeletal ultrasounds. These are diagnostic tools used to clearly define and identify injuries and pathologies.
- Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG) is a technique used to record the heart's electrical activity.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of injury assessment for athletic trainers. It focuses on terminology, evaluation methods, and the significance of anatomical knowledge in identifying injuries. Master key concepts related to different evaluation types and anatomical references critical for accurate assessments.
