Types of Gangrene and Shock

Gangrene

• Classified into four types: dry gangrene, moist gangrene, infective gangrene, and gas gangrene
• Dry gangrene occurs in tissues with poor blood supply and minimal tissue fluids
• Moist gangrene occurs in tissues rich in body fluids

Shock

• Defined as a state of tissue hypoperfusion due to inadequate effective circulating blood volume
• Clinical picture:
  • Patient exhibits confusion
  • Skin is pale and cold
  • Rapid, weak pulse
  • Low blood pressure
  • Shallow, rapid breathing
  • Oliguria (reduced urine output)

Types of Shock

• Hypovolemic Shock

  • Defined as reduction of blood volume due to severe hemorrhage, acute dehydration, or severe burns
  • Pathogenesis:
    • Decreased effective circulating blood volume
    • Decreased venous return
    • Decreased cardiac output
    • Reduced blood flow
    • Reduced oxygen supply to tissues

• Cardiogenic Shock

  • Defined as reduced cardiac output due to inability of heart to pump adequate blood in presence of normal blood volume
  • Causes:
    • Coronary artery occlusion
    • Arrhythmia
    • Cardiac tamponade

• Septic Shock

  • Caused by severe bacterial infection in immunosuppressed individuals

Gangrene

• Classified into four types: dry gangrene, moist gangrene, infective gangrene, and gas gangrene
• Dry gangrene occurs in tissues with poor blood supply and minimal tissue fluids
• Moist gangrene occurs in tissues rich in body fluids

Shock

• Defined as a state of tissue hypoperfusion due to inadequate effective circulating blood volume
• Clinical picture:
  • Patient exhibits confusion
  • Skin is pale and cold
  • Rapid, weak pulse
  • Low blood pressure
  • Shallow, rapid breathing
  • Oliguria (reduced urine output)

Types of Shock

• Hypovolemic Shock

  • Defined as reduction of blood volume due to severe hemorrhage, acute dehydration, or severe burns
  • Pathogenesis:
    • Decreased effective circulating blood volume
    • Decreased venous return
    • Decreased cardiac output
    • Reduced blood flow
    • Reduced oxygen supply to tissues

• Cardiogenic Shock

  • Defined as reduced cardiac output due to inability of heart to pump adequate blood in presence of normal blood volume
  • Causes:
    • Coronary artery occlusion
    • Arrhythmia
    • Cardiac tamponade

• Septic Shock

  • Caused by severe bacterial infection in immunosuppressed individuals

This quiz covers the different types of gangrene, including dry, moist, infective, and gas gangrene, as well as the definition and clinical picture of shock.