Questions and Answers
What are the three main types of fingerprints?
Visible prints are also called patent prints.
True
Latent prints are not apparent to the naked eye.
True
Impressed prints are also known as plastic prints.
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What are the three main fingerprint patterns?
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What percentage of fingerprint patterns do arches occur in?
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The ridges in an arch pattern run from one side to the other without making a backward turn. Ordinarily, there is no ______ in this fingerprint pattern.
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What are the four types of arch patterns?
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Plain arches have significant up thrusts.
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Radial arches have ridges that slope towards which part of the hand?
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What do ulnar arches slope towards?
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Which type of arches have significant up thrusts in the ridges?
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What percentage of fingerprint patterns do loops occur in?
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What is the distinguishing feature of loop patterns?
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The radius is located on the same side as which digit?
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What is the direction of flow for radial loops?
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Which bone is on the same side as the little finger?
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What percentage of fingerprint patterns do whorls occur in?
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What is the characteristic of a whorl pattern?
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What are the four types of whorl patterns?
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Plain whorls consist of ridges that make a complete circuit with no deltas.
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Central pocket whorl ridges do not make a complete circuit.
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What do double loop whorls consist of?
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Study Notes
Types of Fingerprints
- Three main types: visible prints, latent prints, and impressed prints.
Visible Prints
- Also known as patent prints.
- Detected directly with the naked eye; formed in blood or similar mediums.
Latent Prints
- Not visible to the naked eye.
- Created from secretions of sebaceous glands containing sweat, oils, water, salts, and amino acids.
Impressed Prints
- Referred to as plastic prints.
- Identations in soft surfaces like clay or paint; visible without additional development.
Fingerprint Patterns
- Three primary patterns: arches, loops, and whorls.
Arches
- Found in approximately 5% of fingerprint patterns.
- Ridges flow from one side to the other without turning back, typically lacking a delta.
Types of Arches
- Four types: plain arches, radial arches, ulnar arches, and tented arches.
Plain Arches
- Ridges flow evenly with no significant up thrusts.
- Entry from one side and exit on the other, with a central rise.
Radial Arches
- Ridges slope towards the thumb, featuring one delta.
- No re-curving ridges present.
Ulnar Arches
- Ridges slope towards the little finger, also with one delta and no re-curving ridges.
Tented Arches
- Characterized by an angle and significant up thrusts; resemble tent-like structures near the center.
Loops
- Occur in 60-70% of fingerprint patterns.
- Ridges enter on one side, curve around, cross a line from delta to core, and exit back towards the entry side.
Loop Characteristics
- Each loop pattern contains one delta and one core, along with a ridge count.
Radial Loops
- Flow directs towards the radius (thumb side).
- Less common, primarily found on index fingers.
Ulnar Loops
- Flow directs towards the ulna (little finger side).
Whorls
- Present in 25-35% of fingerprint patterns.
- Defined by at least one full circuit of ridges containing two or more deltas.
Types of Whorls
- Four types: plain whorl, central pocket loop whorl, double loop whorl, and accidental whorl.
Plain Whorls
- Comprised of ridges forming a complete circuit with two deltas, where at least one inner re-curving ridge touches the imaginary line.
Central Pocket Loop Whorls
- Contain at least one re-curving ridge and two deltas.
- The ridges make a complete circuit while avoiding cuts in the pattern area.
Double Loop Whorls
- Feature two distinct loop formations and two deltas; each loop has its own core structure, forming a complete circuit.
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Description
Explore the key concepts related to fingerprint types through these flashcards. Learn about visible prints, latent prints, and impressed prints, along with their definitions and characteristics. This quiz will help enhance your understanding of forensic science and fingerprint analysis.
