Types of Epidemiological Studies Quiz
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Types of Epidemiological Studies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the main epidemiological variables used to estimate the distribution of a disease in a population?

  • Morbidity and mortality
  • Incidence and prevalence (correct)
  • Sensitivity and specificity
  • Positive predictive value and negative predictive value

    • Which of the following is a necessary condition for determining that an observed association is causal?

  • Biological plausibility
  • Consistency of results
  • Magnitude of effect
  • Temporality (correct)

    • What may lead to causation in analytical epidemiology?

  • Systematic error
  • Random error
  • Confounding
  • Satisfaction of Hill’s causal criteria (correct)

    • Which type of error refers to non-random differences between comparison groups in analytical epidemiology?

    <p>Systematic error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of descriptive epidemiology?

    <p>Estimating disease distribution in terms of person, time, and place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does analytical epidemiology aim to do?

    <p>Infer causal relationships between risk factors and outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of studies in epidemiology?

    <p>Descriptive and analytical studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does descriptive epidemiology estimate?

    <p>The distribution of a disease in a population in terms of person, time, and place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main variables used in descriptive epidemiology?

    <p>Incidence and prevalence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for determining that an observed association is causal?

    <p>Temporality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of error refers to non-random differences between comparison groups?

    <p>Systematic error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does descriptive epidemiology estimate?

    <p>The magnitude or frequency of the state of health and its distribution in a defined population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of descriptive epidemiology?

    <p>Estimating the magnitude or frequency of the state of health and its distribution in a defined population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epidemiology raises and tests hypotheses about the causal relationships between health phenomena and their determinants?

    <p>Analytical epidemiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of error refers to non-random differences between comparison groups in analytical epidemiology?

    <p>Systematic error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "The study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related states or events in specified populations, including the study of the determinants influencing such states" is a definition related to which concept?

    <p>Epidemiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for determining that an observed association is causal?

    <p>Temporal sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does analytical epidemiology aim to do?

    <p>Raise and test hypotheses about causal relationships between health phenomena and their determinants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main epidemiological variables used to estimate the distribution of a disease in a population?

    <p>Person, place, and time characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main variables used in descriptive epidemiology?

    <p>Person, place, and time characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for determining that an observed association is causal?

    <p>Temporal sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may lead to causation in analytical epidemiology?

    <p>Biological plausibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of error refers to non-random differences between comparison groups?

    <p>Systematic error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Epidemiological Variables and Disease Distribution

    • The main epidemiological variables used to estimate the distribution of a disease in a population are person, place, and time.

    Causal Association

    • A necessary condition for determining that an observed association is causal is temporality.

    Analytical Epidemiology

    • Analytical epidemiology aims to identify the causes of health problems and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.
    • Biases, confounding, and chance may lead to causation in analytical epidemiology.
    • Selection bias refers to non-random differences between comparison groups in analytical epidemiology.

    Descriptive Epidemiology

    • The main focus of descriptive epidemiology is to describe the distribution of a disease in a population.
    • Descriptive epidemiology estimates the frequency and distribution of a disease in a population.
    • The main variables used in descriptive epidemiology are person, place, and time.

    Types of Epidemiology

    • There are two main types of studies in epidemiology: descriptive and analytical.
    • Analytical epidemiology raises and tests hypotheses about the causal relationships between health phenomena and their determinants.

    Definition of Epidemiology

    • The study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related states or events in specified populations, including the study of the determinants influencing such states, is a definition related to the concept of epidemiology.

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    Related Documents

    BEPH_lesson05.pdf

    Description

    Test your knowledge on types of epidemiological studies, models of causality, and descriptive epidemiology. Learn about the concepts of population, epidemiological variables, and measurement of disease frequency.

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