Types of Engines and Components

Engine

Types of Engines

• Internal Combustion Engine (ICE): Most common type, uses fuel combustion to generate power
• Electric Engine: Uses electric motors, powered by batteries or generators
• Hybrid Engine: Combination of ICE and electric motor

Engine Components

• Cylinders: Chambers where fuel is ignited to produce power
• Pistons: Move up and down in cylinders, driven by explosive force
• Crankshaft: Converts piston motion into rotary motion
• Camshaft: Operates valves, allowing air and fuel into cylinders
• Valves: Control air and fuel flow into cylinders

Engine Cycles

• 4-Stroke Cycle:
  1. Intake: Air and fuel mixture enters cylinder
  2. Compression: Mixture is compressed
  3. Power: Mixture is ignited, piston moves down
  4. Exhaust: Exhaust gases exit cylinder
• 2-Stroke Cycle: Simplified version, used in some small engines

Engine Performance

• Horsepower (HP): Measure of engine power
• Torque: Rotational force, measured in lb-ft or Nm
• Displacement: Engine size, measured in liters (L) or cubic centimeters (cc)

Engine Efficiency

• Fuel Efficiency: Measured in miles per gallon (mpg) or kilometers per liter (km/L)
• Emissions: Engine emissions, regulated by environmental standards

Engine Types

• Internal Combustion Engine (ICE): uses fuel combustion to generate power
• Electric Engine: uses electric motors, powered by batteries or generators
• Hybrid Engine: combines ICE and electric motor

Engine Components

Cylinders and Pistons

• Cylinders: chambers where fuel is ignited to produce power
• Pistons: move up and down in cylinders, driven by explosive force

Crankshaft and Camshaft

• Crankshaft: converts piston motion into rotary motion
• Camshaft: operates valves, allowing air and fuel into cylinders

Valves

• Control air and fuel flow into cylinders

Engine Cycles

4-Stroke Cycle

• Intake: air and fuel mixture enters cylinder
• Compression: mixture is compressed
• Power: mixture is ignited, piston moves down
• Exhaust: exhaust gases exit cylinder

2-Stroke Cycle

• Simplified version, used in some small engines

Engine Performance

• Horsepower (HP): measures engine power
• Torque: rotational force, measured in lb-ft or Nm
• Displacement: engine size, measured in liters (L) or cubic centimeters (cc)

Engine Efficiency

• Fuel Efficiency: measured in miles per gallon (mpg) or kilometers per liter (km/L)
• Emissions: regulated by environmental standards

Learn about internal combustion engines, electric engines, hybrid engines, and their key components like cylinders, pistons, and crankshaft.