Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main power source for ancillary functions in an engine?
What is the main power source for ancillary functions in an engine?
Why does starting the engine, particularly from cold, make the heaviest demand on the battery?
Why does starting the engine, particularly from cold, make the heaviest demand on the battery?
What component boosts the low voltage from the battery to a very high voltage of about 30,000 to produce the timed electric spark?
What component boosts the low voltage from the battery to a very high voltage of about 30,000 to produce the timed electric spark?
Which component ensures that the battery receives the correct amount of current necessary to keep it fully charged?
Which component ensures that the battery receives the correct amount of current necessary to keep it fully charged?
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What is used to rotate the crankshaft at a high speed to initiate the four-stroke cycle and start the engine?
What is used to rotate the crankshaft at a high speed to initiate the four-stroke cycle and start the engine?
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What component induces high-tension (HT) voltage in the coil?
What component induces high-tension (HT) voltage in the coil?
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How is the petrol pump in a car engine typically operated?
How is the petrol pump in a car engine typically operated?
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What is responsible for circulating water through the cooling passages of a water-cooled car engine?
What is responsible for circulating water through the cooling passages of a water-cooled car engine?
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What is the function of the oil pump in an engine lubrication system?
What is the function of the oil pump in an engine lubrication system?
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Which part controls the pressure in the oil pump?
Which part controls the pressure in the oil pump?
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What type of oil pump creates pressure at the point where gears mesh?
What type of oil pump creates pressure at the point where gears mesh?
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What kind of filter element is commonly used to trap sludge and debris in the sump?
What kind of filter element is commonly used to trap sludge and debris in the sump?
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What is needed to ignite the air-and-fuel mixture in an engine?
What is needed to ignite the air-and-fuel mixture in an engine?
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What is the main power source for ancillary functions in an engine?
What is the main power source for ancillary functions in an engine?
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Why does starting the car from cold make the heaviest demand on the battery?
Why does starting the car from cold make the heaviest demand on the battery?
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How is charging accomplished in a car battery?
How is charging accomplished in a car battery?
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What component controls the output of the generator to ensure correct battery charging?
What component controls the output of the generator to ensure correct battery charging?
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Which function does the ignition coil serve in an engine?
Which function does the ignition coil serve in an engine?
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What purpose does the alternator serve in a car engine?
What purpose does the alternator serve in a car engine?
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What equipment demands a high current supply from the car battery?
What equipment demands a high current supply from the car battery?
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What is used to rotate the crankshaft at high speed during engine start-up?
What is used to rotate the crankshaft at high speed during engine start-up?
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What reduces friction in an engine?
What reduces friction in an engine?
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In an engine, what is the purpose of the oil pump?
In an engine, what is the purpose of the oil pump?
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What type of pump is used in a water-cooled car to circulate water through the cooling passages of the engine?
What type of pump is used in a water-cooled car to circulate water through the cooling passages of the engine?
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How is the oil filtered in an engine lubrication system to remove sludge and abrasive particles?
How is the oil filtered in an engine lubrication system to remove sludge and abrasive particles?
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Which component induces high-tension (HT) voltage in the coil by collapsing the low-tension current circuit?
Which component induces high-tension (HT) voltage in the coil by collapsing the low-tension current circuit?
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What creates pressure in a gear-type oil pump at the point where gears mesh?
What creates pressure in a gear-type oil pump at the point where gears mesh?
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What boosts the low-tension (LT) voltage passing through the primary winding in an engine coil?
What boosts the low-tension (LT) voltage passing through the primary winding in an engine coil?
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Which part of an engine lubrication system works directly from the crankshaft or camshaft to pressurize oil for lubrication?
Which part of an engine lubrication system works directly from the crankshaft or camshaft to pressurize oil for lubrication?
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What component feeds high-tension voltage to each spark plug at the correct time in a car engine?
What component feeds high-tension voltage to each spark plug at the correct time in a car engine?
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Study Notes
Engine Components and Functions
- An engine requires a controlled fuel supply, timed electric spark, heat dispersion, and lubrication to reduce friction.
- The crankshaft is the main power source for these functions, operated through gears, sprockets, or pulley-driven chains or belts.
Starting the Engine
- A powerful electric motor connected to the battery starts the engine by rotating the crankshaft.
- Starting the engine, especially from cold, makes the heaviest demand on the battery.
- The battery requires constant replenishing to maintain its 12-volt charge.
Charging the Battery
- A generator (dynamo or alternator) driven by the crankshaft charges the battery.
- The charging circuit ensures the battery receives the correct amount of current to stay fully charged.
Producing the Spark
- The ignition coil boosts the low voltage from the battery to a high voltage (around 30,000) to ignite the fuel mixture.
- The distributor feeds the high-tension voltage to each spark plug in turn at the correct time.
- The spark plug ignites the air and fuel mixture with a gap between its two electrodes.
Driving the Pumps
- The petrol pump is either mechanically operated by the engine camshaft or electrically operated remotely.
- The water pump, driven by a pulley on the crankshaft, circulates water through the engine's cooling passages.
- The oil pump, driven directly by the crankshaft or camshaft, pressurizes oil for engine lubrication.
Lubrication System
- Oil from the pump passes through passages in the crankshaft, block, and camshaft bearings to minimize friction.
- The oil is circulated under pressure at a rate of several gallons per minute.
- A relief valve controls pressure, and if it drops, the moving parts of the engine wear rapidly.
Oil Pump Types
- There are two basic types of oil pumps: rotor-type and gear-type.
- In a gear-type pump, oil pressure is created where the gears mesh.
- In a rotor-type pump, pressure is created between the inner and outer rotors.
- The pump may be mounted internally or externally.
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Description
Learn about the essential components and functions required for starting and running an engine, including fuel supply, electric spark ignition, heat dispersal, and lubrication. Understand the role of the crankshaft and mechanically driven components in generating power for the engine.
