29 Questions
What is the most common form of circulatory shock?
Hypovolemic Shock
In which type of shock does the heart fail to sustain adequate circulation?
Cardiogenic Shock
What causes vascular shock?
Abnormal expansion of the vascular bed
Which condition is a major cause of heart failure, renal failure, stroke, and vascular disease?
Essential Hypertension
What can help manage chronic hypertension?
Diet, exercise, medication
What factors contribute to essential hypertension?
Genetics and stress
What is the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its volume, according to Boyle's law?
Inversely proportional
What is a characteristic feature of asthma?
Intermittent episodes of strong airway muscle contraction
What happens if Intrapleural Pressure (Pip) equals Intrapulmonary Pressure (Palv)?
Lungs will collapse
Which factor can trigger hyperresponsive episodes in individuals with asthma?
Sensitivity to environmental factors
What is the formula for Transpulmonary Pressure?
Palv - Pip
What distinguishes emphysema from chronic bronchitis?
Destruction and collapse of smaller airways
What governs the static properties of the lungs?
Transpulmonary Pressure
What happens to blood flow in a region of the lung when oxygen levels decrease?
Vasoconstriction causing less blood flow to that region
What is the main consequence of decreased airflow in the lungs?
Decreased oxygen delivery to the bloodstream
Which pressure is always 4 mmHg less than Intrapulmonary Pressure (Palv)?
Intrapleural Pressure
Which condition leads to chronic inflammation in small airways?
Chronic bronchitis
What is the main function of surfactant in the alveoli?
Lower surface tension
When the diaphragm and external intercostals contract, what happens to the thorax?
It expands
What happens to the interpleural pressure when the diaphragm and external intercostals contract?
Drops below atmospheric pressure
Which of the following is true when the interpleural pressure drops below atmospheric pressure?
Lungs expand
What is the primary factor that determines lung compliance?
Stretchability of lung tissues
When the chest wall recoils inward, what happens to the pressure in the alveoli?
Pressure in alveoli increases
What is the effect of decreased blood flow on the partial pressure of CO2 within an alveoli?
Decreases the partial pressure of CO2
What effect does bronchoconstriction have on airflow?
Decreases airflow
What is the result of decreased local ventilation to match a local decrease in perfusion?
Hyperventilation
How do overdose of morphine, barbiturates, or alcohol affect respiration?
Suppress neurons in ventral respiratory group and stop respiration
What is the leading cause of death from fire?
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
What are the symptoms of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning?
Respiratory distress and confusion
Learn about different types of circulatory shock including Hypovolemic Shock, Cardiogenic Shock, and Vascular Shock. Understand the causes and symptoms of each type of shock.
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