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Questions and Answers
What color does hematoxylin stain the cell nucleus?
What color does hematoxylin stain the cell nucleus?
Which staining technique is one of the most widely used in histology?
Which staining technique is one of the most widely used in histology?
Which component of the H&E stain colors the cytoplasm?
Which component of the H&E stain colors the cytoplasm?
What is the primary color produced by eosin in H&E staining?
What is the primary color produced by eosin in H&E staining?
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What does eosin stain in a histological sample?
What does eosin stain in a histological sample?
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Hematoxylin is primarily used to stain which part of the cell?
Hematoxylin is primarily used to stain which part of the cell?
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In the H&E staining technique, what is the main component used to stain collagen?
In the H&E staining technique, what is the main component used to stain collagen?
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Why is the H&E stain commonly used in histology?
Why is the H&E stain commonly used in histology?
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Which color does hematoxylin NOT produce?
Which color does hematoxylin NOT produce?
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In an H&E stained sample, which component appears pink?
In an H&E stained sample, which component appears pink?
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Study Notes
Basic Tissues
- There are four main types of tissues: Epithelial Tissues, Connective Tissues, Muscular Tissues, and Nervous Tissues
Types of Tissue Examination
- There are three main types of tissue examination: Section, Smears, and Films
- Section: a very thin slice of tissue is put flat on a glass slide and covered
- Smears: fresh soft tissues are spread on a slide, e.g. bone marrow
- Films: fresh body fluids are spread on a slide, e.g. blood
Preparation of Sections for L/M
- The process of preparing sections for Light Microscopy (L/M) involves seven stages
- The seven stages are: Obtaining the tissue, Fixation, Dehydration, Clearing, Embedding, Embedding & Sectioning, and Staining
Obtaining the Tissue
- A fresh piece of tissue is cut from the body, very small, taken immediately after death
Fixation
- Fixation involves putting tissues in a fixative to prevent autolysis, preserve tissue structure and molecular composition, and harden tissues
- Aims of fixation include: preventing autolysis, preserving relations of tissue components, hardening tissues, and increasing affinity of tissue for stains
- Types of fixatives include: 17% formaldehyde for L/M, buffered isotonic solution of 37% formaldehyde for L/M, glutaraldehyde for FM, and osmium tetroxide for EM (double fixation)
Dehydration
- Dehydration involves the gradual removal of water from the tissue using ascending grades of alcohol (from 70% to 100% ethanol) to prevent tissue shrinking
Clearing
- Clearing involves the replacement of alcohol in tissues with a solvent for paraffin wax, such as xylene
Embedding
- Embedding involves hardening of soft tissues using paraffin, freezing, or plastic resins
- Tissue is placed in melted paraffin in an oven at 52-60°C
Section Cutting
- Section cutting involves cutting the embedded tissue into thin sections using a rotatory microtome (for paraffin sections) or a freezing microtome (for frozen sections)
Staining
- Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) is a commonly used staining technique in histology
- Hematoxylin stains the cell nucleus blue, while Eosin stains the cytoplasm and collagen pink
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Description
This quiz covers the four main types of basic tissues in the human body, including epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues. Test your knowledge of their characteristics and functions!
