Questions and Answers
What are typefaces?
What are the individual symbols in a particular typeface called?
Characters
What is typography?
The art of expressing ideas in printed form through the selection of appropriate typefaces.
The _____ must determine how the manuscript should be expressed in type.
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What does 'Hairline' refer to in typography?
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What is the vertical part of a character called?
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What does 'Stroke' refer to in typography?
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What is 'Stress' in terms of typography?
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Define 'Serif'.
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Individual pieces of type were introduced in Europe in the _____ century.
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What is 'Molten type'?
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The ____ style of lettering used by the scribes of Germany, France, Holland.
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Other countries was similar to the type style known as ____.
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The German printers migrated to ____ where black letter type styles were gradually replaced by ____.
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Who was a major figure in the development of the Roman type style?
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What was Jensen's design based on?
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____ type was developed and first used by _____ a printer in Venice.
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Name 3 modern typefaces invented during the 18th and 19th centuries.
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What are the 3 elements found in a Roman typeface?
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What are the classifications of typefaces?
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The ____ or serif typefaces are numerous in number.
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____ in French means 'without', therefore, the classification ____ is used for typefaces without serifs.
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____ typefaces are usually formed with strokes of equal weight.
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The ____ or text typeface resembles ____ of German monks of the 1400s.
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Both ____ and ____ typefaces are designed to stimulate handwriting.
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The letters in a ___ typeface are joined, but not in a ____ typeface.
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The ___ typeface or decorative type classification is used to command special attention.
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___ type usually consists of white characters on a solid black background.
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What is a typeface family?
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The ___ typefaces are designed to get more words in less space.
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The ____ faces fill more space without going to a larger point size.
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Study Notes
Typeface Concepts
- Typefaces are distinctive visual symbols for composing printed pages.
- Characters are individual symbols within a specific typeface.
- Typography is the art of conveying ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces.
Typography Roles
- A typographer determines manuscript expression in type and manages reproduction details.
Typography Anatomy
- Key components include ascenders, descenders, waist line, and baseline.
- Hairline refers to the thin elements of characters.
- Stems are the vertical parts of characters; strokes denote the thickness of lines in character elements.
- Stress indicates the slant or tilt of a character, while serifs are thickened ends or finishes.
Historical Context
- Individual pieces of type emerged in Europe during the 15th century, influenced by scribes’ lettering.
- Molten type comprises an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony for creating types.
- Manuscript styles were prevalent among scribes in Germany, France, and Holland, leading to the 'Old English' style used as the foundation for early metal types.
Evolution of Type Styles
- German printers migrated to Italy, transitioning from black letter styles to Roman typefaces.
- Nicolas Jenson played a key role in developing Roman type styles, inspired by ancient Roman letterforms.
Type Design Influences
- Italic type, modeled after handwriting, was created by printer Aldus Manutius in Venice.
- Modern typefaces from the 18th and 19th centuries include Janson, Caslon, and Bakersville.
Typeface Classifications
- Major classifications include Roman, sans serif, square serif, black letter, script/cursive, novelty/decorative, and italic.
- Roman typefaces have contrasting heavy and light elements, while sans serif types lack serifs (French for "without").
- Square serif typefaces feature block-like serif shapes and equal-weight strokes.
Specialized Typefaces
- Black letter types resemble 15th-century German calligraphy and are used for formal printed materials.
- Script and cursive typefaces mimic handwriting, with cursive letters joined together and script letters remaining separate.
- Novelty typefaces are designed to attract special attention and are not meant for body copy.
Layout and Design Techniques
- Reverse type features white characters on a solid color background to emphasize messages.
- Typeface families contain variations of a type style that distinguish different character sets.
- Condensed typefaces fit more text in less space, while expanded typefaces occupy more space at the same point size.
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Description
Test your knowledge on typefaces and font styles with these informative flashcards. Each card defines key terms in typography, helping you understand the art of printed communication. Perfect for design students or anyone interested in the nuances of text presentation.
