30 Questions
What is the clinical manifestation of Myasthenia Gravis?
Weakness of the skeletal muscles
Which condition is characterized by the overactivity of the thyroid gland?
Grave’s Disease
What type of hypersensitivity reaction involves antibodies attacking soluble antigens circulating in the plasma?
Type III Immune Complex-Mediated
Which condition is associated with a malfunction of the immune system producing autoantibodies that attack red blood cells?
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
What is the characteristic feature of Type III hypersensitivity reactions?
Complement activation and accumulation of PMN's
Which antigen type is mentioned as an example of endogenous antigens in the text?
DNA
What type of hypersensitivity reaction involves antibodies that react with antigens on cell surfaces or in the extracellular matrix?
Type II
Which immunoglobulins are involved in Type II hypersensitivity reactions?
IgG and IgM
What is the main mechanism of Type II hypersensitivity involving the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC)?
Antibody and Complement-Mediated Destruction
Which condition is associated with Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) in Type II hypersensitivity?
Transplant rejection
In Type II hypersensitivity reactions, what triggers either phagocytosis of target cells or lysis by complement activation?
IgM plus complement
What is the role of IgG in the Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) mechanism of Type II hypersensitivity?
Opsonin for phagocytosis
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with immune system attacking self-antigens?
Type IV
Which autoimmune disease is more common in females and affects multiple organs or systems?
Rheumatoid arthritis
What environmental factors can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases?
Smoking
In autoimmune diseases, what does the immune system mistakenly attack?
Healthy cells and tissues
Which type of immunity disorder involves the body attacking its own tissues?
Autoimmune diseases
What is the Mantoux test used for in relation to tuberculosis?
Diagnosing active tuberculosis
What is the role of antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis?
They attach to joint linings.
Which autoimmune disease commonly affects joints, lungs, blood cells, nerves, and kidneys?
Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus)
What is the main effect of autoimmune diseases on the body?
Attacks on body tissues by the immune system
How does inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) primarily manifest in individuals?
Episodes of diarrhea and rectal bleeding
Which genes are associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases?
IRF5 and PTPN22
What type of medications are used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Immune-suppressing medicines
What genes are associated with autoimmune diseases like Type 1 diabetes mellitus and Guillain-Barre syndrome?
HLA-DRB1
Which autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking nerves controlling muscles in the legs?
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
What environmental factor is mentioned in relation to autoimmune diseases?
Smoking
In Psoriasis, what does the immune system activity stimulate to reproduce rapidly?
Skin cells
What autoimmune disease results in excess amounts of thyroid hormone being released into the blood?
Graves' disease
What autoimmune disease involves the immune system attacking insulin-producing cells in the pancreas?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Test your knowledge on Type II hypersensitivity reaction which involves antibody-mediated/cytotoxic type reactions. Learn about antibodies that react with antigens, causing cell destruction, inflammation, and interference with normal functions.
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