Biology chapter 2
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Questions and Answers

Name the basis on which the two kingdom classification was developed ?

  • On the basis of unicellular or multicellular
  • On the basis of prokaryotes and eukaryotes
  • On the basis of the mode of nutrition
  • On the basis of presence and absence of cell wall (correct)

    • The two kingdom classification system did not distinguish between which of the following things or criteria

  • Prokaryotes and eukaryotes (correct)
  • Unicellular and multicellular (correct)
  • Autotrophic and heterotrophic (correct)
  • Presence of cell wall or absence of it

    • Match the kingdom with the scientist proposed them

    Three kingdom classification = Ernest Haeckel Two kingdom classification = Carolus Linnaeus Four kingdom classification = Copeland Five kingdom classification = RH Whittaker

    Name all the kingdoms proposed in the five kingdom classification

    <p>Monera , protista , fungi , plantae and animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the main criteria for classification used by Whittaker in 5th kingdom classification

    <p>Reproduction , cell structure , body organisation , mode of nutrition , phylogenetic relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the three domain of life ?

    <p>Archaeya , eukarya , eubacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Kingdom among the five kingdom is eukaryotic and multi cellular ?

    <p>Plantae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is prokaryotic and the nuclear membrane is absent ?

    <p>Monera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cell wall of Monera is

    <p>Polysaccharide and amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cell wall of fungi and plant is

    <p>Chitin And cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only some of the protista have cell wall

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Body organisation of

    <p>Fungi = Multicellular Plantae = Tissue and organ Animal = Tissue , organ and organ system Monera = Unicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mode of Nutrition of Monera is

    <p>Chemosynthetic autotrophic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mode of nutrition of protista is

    <p>PhotoSynthetic autotrophic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Defence between fungi and animalia in mode of nutrition is- fungi is holozoic while animalia is not holozoic

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kingdom Monera was divided into how many Kingdom in 6 kingdom classification

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist proposed 6 kingdom classification or three domains of life

    <p>Carl Woese</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these organisms are present in Kingdom protista

    <p>Chlorella and amoeba</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does phylogenetic relationship mean ?

    <p>Evolutionary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacteria are not only the sole members of Kingdom Monera

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which are the most abundant microorganism

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Many bacteria live on other organism as parasites

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the four shape of bacteria -

    <p>Bacillus , coccus , vibrio, spirillum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    bacterial structure is very complex and their behaviour is also very complex

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Two Kingdom Classification

    • Developed based on morphological and structural characteristics of organisms.
    • Did not distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

    Kingdoms and Scientists

    • Kingdoms proposed by Carl Linnaeus (Plantae and Animalia), and later expanded upon by others.

    Five Kingdom Classification

    • Five kingdoms proposed: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.

    Whittaker's Criteria

    • Main criteria for classification used by Robert Whittaker: nutritional mode, cellular organization, and reproductive strategies.

    Three Domains of Life

    • Domains include Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

    Characteristics of Kingdoms

    • Eukaryotic and multicellular: Plantae and Animalia.
    • Prokaryotic with absent nuclear membrane: Monera.
    • Cell wall of Monera made of peptidoglycan.
    • Fungi and plant cell walls contain chitin and cellulose respectively.
    • Only some Protista possess a cell wall.

    Nutrition and Body Organization

    • Mode of nutrition for Monera: autotrophic or heterotrophic, mainly through absorption.
    • Mode of nutrition for Protista varies, including autotrophy and heterotrophy.
    • Fungi are holozoic (absorbing nutrients), while Animalia are not considered holozoic.

    Six Kingdom Classification

    • Kingdom Monera divided into two in the six kingdom classification: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.
    • Proposed by Carl Woese, who also developed the three domains of life concept.

    Organisms in Kingdom Protista

    • Includes a wide range of organisms such as algae, protozoa, and slime molds.

    Phylogenetic Relationships

    • Refers to the evolutionary connections among species, demonstrating common ancestry.

    Bacteria

    • Not solely include members of Kingdom Monera; they are diverse and abundant microorganisms.
    • Commonly live as parasites on other organisms.

    Bacterial Shapes

    • Four shapes of bacteria: cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), spirilla (spiral), and vibrio (comma-shaped).
    • Bacterial structure is complex, influencing their behavior and ecological roles.

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