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Questions and Answers
What makes identical (MZ) twins valuable for observation in twin studies?
What makes identical (MZ) twins valuable for observation in twin studies?
- They are more influenced by environmental factors
- They have completely different genetic makeups
- They are less likely to develop mental illnesses
- They share essentially 100% of their genes (correct)
What is the key purpose of twin studies?
What is the key purpose of twin studies?
- To reveal the importance of environmental and genetic influences for traits (correct)
- To compare the physical appearance of identical and fraternal twins
- To study the impact of cultural differences on twins
- To analyze the influence of birth order on twins
What is the genetic similarity between fraternal (DZ) twins?
What is the genetic similarity between fraternal (DZ) twins?
- They share 100% of their genes
- They have no genetic similarity
- They share about 75% of their genes
- They share about 50% of their genes (correct)
Why are twins considered a valuable source for observation in twin studies?
Why are twins considered a valuable source for observation in twin studies?
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What does the presence of discordance in a pair of identical twins provide a powerful window into?
What does the presence of discordance in a pair of identical twins provide a powerful window into?
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Study Notes
Identical (MZ) Twins in Twin Studies
- Identical twins are valuable for observation because they share 100% of their genes, making it possible to distinguish between genetic and environmental influences.
- The key purpose of twin studies is to separate the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the development of traits, behaviors, and diseases.
Fraternal (DZ) Twins
- Fraternal twins have a genetic similarity of 50% on average, similar to regular siblings.
Value of Twins in Twin Studies
- Twins are considered a valuable source for observation because they share a similar environment and upbringing, but differ in their genetic makeup.
- The controlled environment and varied genetic makeup allow researchers to isolate the effects of genetics and environment.
Discordance in Identical Twins
- The presence of discordance in a pair of identical twins provides a powerful window into the role of environmental factors in the development of traits, behaviors, and diseases.
- Discordance suggests that even with a shared genetic makeup, environmental factors can still influence the development of differences between identical twins.
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