Twin Studies and Behavioral Genetics
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of twin studies?

  • To study the impact of uterine environment on twins
  • To reveal the importance of environmental and genetic influences for traits, phenotypes, and disorders (correct)
  • To identify the differences between identical and fraternal twins
  • To track traits ranging from personal behavior to the presentation of severe mental illnesses

    • What makes twin research a key tool in behavioral genetics?

  • The observation of environmental influence on twins
  • The ability to track traits ranging from personal behavior to mental illnesses
  • The availability of genetically informative data (correct)
  • The ability to identify differences between MZ and DZ twins

    • Why are identical (MZ) twins valuable for observation in twin studies?

  • Because they share only 50% of their genes
  • Because they share 100% of their genes (correct)
  • Because they are born into the same family
  • Because they have different genetic makeup

    • What is the primary reason for most differences between identical twins?

    <p>Experiences that one twin has but not the other twin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fraternal (DZ) twins considered genetically informative for twin studies?

    <p>Because they share only about 50% of their genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of a given genetic or phenotypic trait in only one member of a pair of identical twins provide insight into?

    <p>The role of environmental effects on the trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classical twin design primarily used for?

    <p>Comparing the similarity of identical and fraternal twins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Gustav III, King of Sweden, commission a medical study using identical twins for?

    <p>To demonstrate the deleterious effects of coffee and tea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the primitive clinical trial conducted by Gustav III using twin murderers?

    <p>One twin drank three pots of coffee every day and the other drank three pots of tea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do modern twin studies conclude about the influence of genetic differences on traits?

    <p>All studied traits are partly influenced by genetic differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

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