Tumour Suppressor Genes Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of tumour suppressor genes in relation to the cell cycle?

To negatively regulate the cell cycle (correct)

To promote oncogene activity

To enhance cell cycle progression

To facilitate uncontrolled cell growth

How do mutations in tumour suppressor genes generally affect cellular functions?

They enhance cell differentiation

They inhibit cell-to-cell contact

They cause unregulated cell proliferation (correct)

They lead to increased cell apoptosis

Which of the following statements about mutations in tumour suppressor genes is TRUE?

They can lead to increased apoptosis

They are typically dominant mutations

They are generally recessive mutations (correct)

They result in a gain of function

Which function is NOT associated with tumour suppressor genes?

Promoting cell growth Signup and view all the answers

What is a key mechanism of action for tumour suppressor genes in tumorigenesis?

Regulating cell cycle checkpoints Signup and view all the answers

Which therapy specifically targets estrogen receptors in breast cancer treatment?

Fulvestrant Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer treatment?

Prevent the production of estrogen Signup and view all the answers

Imatinib mesylate is primarily effective against which type of cancer?

Leukemia Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzymes do targeted therapies like Imatinib mesylate inhibit?

Tyrosine kinase enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of aromatase inhibitor?

Fulvestrant Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is specifically approved to treat HER2-positive breast cancer?

Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for Gefitinib (Iressa®)?

Inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer is Erlotinib (Tarceva®) used to treat?

Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer Signup and view all the answers

What role does Cetuximab (Erbitux®) play in cancer treatment?

It targets the EGFR protein specifically. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is depicted as inhibiting the EGFR pathway in the diagram?

EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What role do oncogenes primarily play in cell behavior?

They encode proteins that enhance cell cycle progression and inhibit apoptosis. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding proto-oncogenes in normal cells?

They encode proteins that are activated selectively by appropriate regulatory signals. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of mutations in oncogenes in cancer cells?

They cause proteins to become continuously activated and unresponsive to regulatory signals. Signup and view all the answers

How do mutations in oncogenes typically affect their function?

They result in a dominant gain of function. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of oncogenes?

They are only harmful when expressed at low levels. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tumour Suppressor Genes

Encode proteins that negatively regulate the cell cycle and positively regulate apoptosis
Mutations in tumour suppressor genes lead to loss of function and therefore increased cell proliferation
Mutations in tumour suppressor genes are recessive
Functions:
- affect differentiation
- control cell to cell contact
- growth inhibitory factors
- interact/ inhibit oncogenes
- regulate transcription

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Description

This quiz focuses on tumour suppressor genes and their essential roles in regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis. It delves into the consequences of mutations, their functions in growth inhibition, and interactions with oncogenes. Test your knowledge on the critical aspects of these genes and their importance in cellular regulation.