Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which tumor marker is associated with Medullary Thyroid Cancer?
Which tumor marker is associated with Medullary Thyroid Cancer?
What is the primary use of tumor markers in assessing the success of treatment?
What is the primary use of tumor markers in assessing the success of treatment?
Which tumor marker is commonly used for screening for prostate cancer?
Which tumor marker is commonly used for screening for prostate cancer?
Which of the following tumors is Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) associated with?
Which of the following tumors is Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) associated with?
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Which DNA marker mutation is associated with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer?
Which DNA marker mutation is associated with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer?
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Which condition is a-fetoprotein (AFP) NOT useful for screening?
Which condition is a-fetoprotein (AFP) NOT useful for screening?
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What does a-fetoprotein (AFP) level greater than 1000 µg/L generally indicate?
What does a-fetoprotein (AFP) level greater than 1000 µg/L generally indicate?
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Which cancer is ferritin NOT a marker for?
Which cancer is ferritin NOT a marker for?
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Which of the following is true regarding thyroglobulin?
Which of the following is true regarding thyroglobulin?
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What condition is associated with elevated levels of a-fetoprotein (AFP) during pregnancy?
What condition is associated with elevated levels of a-fetoprotein (AFP) during pregnancy?
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What is the significance of positive estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer patients?
What is the significance of positive estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer patients?
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Why is progesterone receptor testing considered important in breast cancer assessment?
Why is progesterone receptor testing considered important in breast cancer assessment?
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Which statement about cytoplasmic estrogen receptors is true?
Which statement about cytoplasmic estrogen receptors is true?
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What percentage of breast cancer patients typically have tumors with estrogen receptors?
What percentage of breast cancer patients typically have tumors with estrogen receptors?
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What generally happens to patients with negative estrogen and progesterone receptors?
What generally happens to patients with negative estrogen and progesterone receptors?
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What defines tumor markers?
What defines tumor markers?
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How do tumor markers assist in clinical settings?
How do tumor markers assist in clinical settings?
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What distinguishes tumor markers from substances produced by normal cells?
What distinguishes tumor markers from substances produced by normal cells?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of tumor markers?
Which of the following is NOT a component of tumor markers?
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In the context of cancer monitoring, which statement about tumor markers is accurate?
In the context of cancer monitoring, which statement about tumor markers is accurate?
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Which property is NOT essential for a good tumor marker?
Which property is NOT essential for a good tumor marker?
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Which of the following is classified as an enzyme/isoenzyme tumor marker?
Which of the following is classified as an enzyme/isoenzyme tumor marker?
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Which type of tumor marker includes mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?
Which type of tumor marker includes mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?
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What is a characteristic of carbohydrate epitopes tumor markers?
What is a characteristic of carbohydrate epitopes tumor markers?
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Which of the following tumor markers is an oncofetal antigen?
Which of the following tumor markers is an oncofetal antigen?
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Study Notes
Potential Uses of Tumor Markers
- Screening in general population
- Differential diagnosis of symptomatic patients
- Clinical staging of cancer
- Estimating tumor volume
- As a prognostic indicator for disease progression
- Evaluating the success of treatment
- Detecting the recurrence of cancer
- Monitoring response to therapy
- Localization of tumor masses
Decoding Tumor Markers
-
Hormones
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropins: Trophoblastic tumors
- Calcitonin: Medullary Ca Thyroid
- Catecholamines: Pheochromocytoma
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Lineage-specific proteins
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): Prostate cancer
- Immunoglobulins, particularly M-protein (monoclonal): Multiple Myeloma
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Mucins & other glycoproteins
- Ovarian Cancer Antigen (CA 125): Ovarian Cancer
- CA 19-9: Colorectal & Pancreas Cancer
- CA 15-3: Breast Cancer
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Oncofetal antigens
- α-fetoprotein (AFP): Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): Colon, pancreas, lung, stomach, and heart
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DNA markers (cell-free)
- Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- KRAS mutations: Colon, Pancreas
- BRAF V600E mutation: Melanoma
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Enzymes
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH): Lymphoma, Germ cell tumors
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): Liver Cancer, Bone Metastasis
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Description
This quiz explores various tumor markers associated with different cancers, including Medullary Thyroid Cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer. Additionally, it examines the role of tumor markers in treatment assessments and their significance in specific cancer conditions. Test your knowledge on this critical aspect of oncology!
