Transuranium Elements and Artificial Radioactivity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method for inducing artificial radioactivity in transuranium elements?

  • Bombarding U-235 with protons.
  • Bombarding U-238 with neutrons or α-particles. (correct)
  • Heating the elements to high temperatures.
  • Exposing the elements to gamma radiation.

    • Which of the following is true about transuranium elements?

  • They are all stable elements.
  • They are all β-emitters.
  • They are all produced by bombarding U-238 with protons.
  • They are all elements with atomic number greater than 92. (correct)

    • Why does an isotope of uranium with only 0.7% abundance undergo fission when it captures a neutron?

  • $\frac{B.E}{A}$ in the uranium region is negligible compared to the potential barrier opposing fission.
  • $\frac{B.E}{A}$ in the uranium region is about 20 MeV, providing excess energy for fission.
  • $\frac{B.E}{A}$ in the uranium region is about 7 MeV, almost equal to the potential barrier opposing fission. (correct)
  • $\frac{B.E}{A}$ in the uranium region is very low, making it prone to fission.

    • What happens to the nucleus of an even-even nuclide when a neutron is added?

    <p>$^{A}<em>{Z}X \rightarrow ^{A+1}</em>{Z}X$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Weizsacher’s mass formula help us understand?

    <p>Why certain isotopes undergo fission when bombarded by slow, thermal neutrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nuclear Reactions and Transuranium Elements

    • The primary method for inducing artificial radioactivity in transuranium elements is through the process of nuclear reactions, such as bombarding atoms with high-energy particles.

    Properties of Transuranium Elements

    • Transuranium elements are synthetic and have atomic numbers greater than 92.
    • They are highly radioactive and undergo spontaneous fission, releasing a large amount of energy.

    Nuclear Fission

    • The isotope of uranium with only 0.7% abundance, U-235, undergoes fission when it captures a neutron because it becomes unstable and splits into two or more fragments, releasing more neutrons.
    • This process is a chain reaction, as the released neutrons can cause further fission reactions.

    Nucleus Stability

    • When a neutron is added to the nucleus of an even-even nuclide, it becomes unstable and can lead to nuclear reactions, such as fission or beta decay.

    Weizsacher's Mass Formula

    • Weizsacher's mass formula helps us understand the binding energy of a nucleus, which is the energy required to break a nucleus into its individual protons and neutrons.
    • It provides a semi-empirical formula for calculating the nuclear binding energy, which is essential for understanding nuclear reactions and stability.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the transuranium elements and the process of induced or artificial radioactivity. Learn about the creation of these elements through bombardment of U-238 and high-energy projectiles.

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