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Questions and Answers
What causes alligator cracking in asphalt concrete surfaces?
What causes alligator cracking in asphalt concrete surfaces?
Which of the following describes blowups in transportation engineering?
Which of the following describes blowups in transportation engineering?
What is the primary purpose of breasting dolphins in harbor engineering?
What is the primary purpose of breasting dolphins in harbor engineering?
What does the average speed of vehicles passing a point on the highway represent?
What does the average speed of vehicles passing a point on the highway represent?
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In the context of waves, what characterizes breaking waves?
In the context of waves, what characterizes breaking waves?
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What does the base component of a road structure primarily do?
What does the base component of a road structure primarily do?
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Which factors affect the braking distance of a vehicle?
Which factors affect the braking distance of a vehicle?
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Which is an essential component of asphalt concrete?
Which is an essential component of asphalt concrete?
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What is the purpose of fenders in maritime contexts?
What is the purpose of fenders in maritime contexts?
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What does batching refer to in the context of concrete mixing?
What does batching refer to in the context of concrete mixing?
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What is the main function of a bollard in mooring?
What is the main function of a bollard in mooring?
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What type of curve is described as two curves in the same direction separated by a short tangent?
What type of curve is described as two curves in the same direction separated by a short tangent?
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What does the term 'capacity' refer to in traffic contexts?
What does the term 'capacity' refer to in traffic contexts?
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In what scenario is a bitt typically installed during ship mooring?
In what scenario is a bitt typically installed during ship mooring?
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What does bleeding or flushing refer to in terms of pavement?
What does bleeding or flushing refer to in terms of pavement?
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What is usually indicated by chevron markings in roadway design?
What is usually indicated by chevron markings in roadway design?
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What defines the component of shear strength in soil?
What defines the component of shear strength in soil?
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Which condition describes a soil that has experienced less pressure than it did in the past?
Which condition describes a soil that has experienced less pressure than it did in the past?
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What is the correct definition of a retaining wall?
What is the correct definition of a retaining wall?
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What is the relationship between lateral and vertical principal effective stresses represented by?
What is the relationship between lateral and vertical principal effective stresses represented by?
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Which term describes the depth below the ground surface where the base of the foundation rests?
Which term describes the depth below the ground surface where the base of the foundation rests?
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What essentially does pore water pressure indicate in soil mechanics?
What essentially does pore water pressure indicate in soil mechanics?
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Which of the following concepts refers to the sum of effective and neutral stresses?
Which of the following concepts refers to the sum of effective and neutral stresses?
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What does the flow net represent in soil mechanics?
What does the flow net represent in soil mechanics?
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What does the buoyant force act against?
What does the buoyant force act against?
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What is the primary purpose of a nozzle in fluid mechanics?
What is the primary purpose of a nozzle in fluid mechanics?
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Which term describes the pressure above or below atmospheric pressure?
Which term describes the pressure above or below atmospheric pressure?
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What does longitudinal cracking in pavement primarily result from?
What does longitudinal cracking in pavement primarily result from?
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What does the Reynolds Number represent?
What does the Reynolds Number represent?
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What characterizes turbulent flow?
What characterizes turbulent flow?
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What is the definition of leeward side?
What is the definition of leeward side?
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What are neap tides characterized by?
What are neap tides characterized by?
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What is the purpose of a Pitot tube in fluid dynamics?
What is the purpose of a Pitot tube in fluid dynamics?
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What is the purpose of overhead signs?
What is the purpose of overhead signs?
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What type of dam uses gravity to resist water pressure?
What type of dam uses gravity to resist water pressure?
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Which is defined as a sudden increase in water depth in a flowing stream?
Which is defined as a sudden increase in water depth in a flowing stream?
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What does the term 'mass diagram' refer to in civil engineering?
What does the term 'mass diagram' refer to in civil engineering?
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What defines occupancy in traffic terms?
What defines occupancy in traffic terms?
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What is the term for structures built across open channels to control liquid flow?
What is the term for structures built across open channels to control liquid flow?
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Which type of dolphins are not designed for the impact of ships?
Which type of dolphins are not designed for the impact of ships?
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Which term defines the graphical presentation of total energy of flow in a pipeline?
Which term defines the graphical presentation of total energy of flow in a pipeline?
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What does the embankment dam consist of?
What does the embankment dam consist of?
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What is the meaning of 'pavement distress'?
What is the meaning of 'pavement distress'?
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What does merging refer to in traffic flow?
What does merging refer to in traffic flow?
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Which term refers to the effects of soil particle contact on stress?
Which term refers to the effects of soil particle contact on stress?
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What does the term 'pavement roughness' measure?
What does the term 'pavement roughness' measure?
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What is liquefaction in geotechnical engineering?
What is liquefaction in geotechnical engineering?
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What does the term 'minor head loss' typically refer to?
What does the term 'minor head loss' typically refer to?
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What is meant by 'lag distance'?
What is meant by 'lag distance'?
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What characterizes macroscopic models of traffic flow?
What characterizes macroscopic models of traffic flow?
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What does the hydraulic gradient represent?
What does the hydraulic gradient represent?
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What is the maximum free speed on a highway?
What is the maximum free speed on a highway?
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What is reaction time?
What is reaction time?
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Study Notes
Transportation Engineering
- Alligator Cracking is a series of interconnected cracks caused by fatigue failure of the asphalt concrete surface under repeated traffic loading.
- Amplitude is the vertical distance between the lowest point (trough) and the highest point (crest) of a wave.
- Asphalt Concrete is a layer consisting of a properly designed mix of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler, and a bituminous binder.
- Average Speed is the average speed of all vehicles passing a given point on a highway.
- Barriers are highway appurtenances designed to prevent vehicles from penetrating the travel way into areas behind the barrier, minimizing damage and the risk of injury.
- Base is the component of the road structure that receives the traffic load and transfers it to the subgrade.
- Base Courses are typically made of aggregates like gravel and crushed rock.
- Basic Capacity is the maximum number of passenger cars that can pass a given point on a lane or roadway in one hour under ideal traffic conditions.
- Batching is the process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates, and additives before mixing concrete.
- Bathymetry is the physical configuration of the seabed and the measurements of water depths.
- Beaufort Scale measures the intensity of wind.
- Bitt is a mooring fitting installed close to the waterline of a berth that secures ships during storms.
- Bitumen Carpet is a 20mm thick layer of premix bitumen laid over a seal coat.
- Bleeding or Flushing is the exuding of bitumen onto the pavement surface, causing a reduction in skid resistance.
- Block Cracking forms large interconnected polygons, usually with sharp corners or angles, resulting in the loss of sound concrete.
- Blowups are localized upward buckling and shattering of slabs at traverse joints or cracks.
- Breakwater is a structure that protects a harbor from stormy waves and ensures calm waters.
- Braking Distance is the distance a vehicle travels after brake application until it comes to a complete stop.
- Breaking Waves fall forward because the forward velocity of the crest particles exceeds the velocity of wave propagation.
- Breasting Dolphins are designed to absorb the impact of a ship when docking, protecting both the ship and the dolphin from damage.
- Bollard is a vertical post to which the eye of a mooring line can be attached.
- Broken Back Curve consists of two curves in the same direction separated by a short tangent.
- Bulkhead is a structure that retains or prevents earth or fill from sliding into water.
- Capacity is the maximum sustained rate of flow (expressed in passenger cars per hour per lane) that a freeway segment can accommodate under prevailing traffic conditions.
- Catch Point is the point where the cut or fill slopes intersect the existing ground.
- Chevron Markings are markings often used on breakwater supports for a roadway.
- Lag Distance is the distance a vehicle travels during the total reaction time.
- Leeward Side is the side of a structure opposite the direction from which the wind is blowing.
- Limit of Economic Haul is the longest distance material should ever be hauled economically.
- Longitudinal Cracking occurs approximately at right angles to the pavement center line, often caused by poorly constructed joints and shrinkage of the asphalt concrete surface.
- Mass Diagram is used for calculating optimum haul strategies and earthwork costs.
- Mastic Asphalt is a mixture of bitumen, fine aggregate, and filler heated to 200°C and laid.
- Maximum Free Speed is the maximum speed attainable on a highway as the flow tends to zero.
- Mean Free Speed is the maximum speed attainable on a highway as the flow tends to zero.
- Merging is the process by which one traffic stream joins another traffic stream moving in the same direction.
- Merging Conflicts occur when vehicles enter a traffic stream.
- Macroscopic traffic flow models describe the relationship between flow, speed, and density.
- Microscopic traffic flow models describe the motion of individual vehicles and their interactions.
- Moonson are prevailing winds that blow in one direction for part of the year and in the opposite direction for the remainder of the year.
- Mooring Dolphins are not designed for ship impact and are located behind the face of the dock where they will not be hit.
- Neap Tides are the lowest tides of the month when the line connecting the Earth with the Sun and the Moon forms a right triangle.
- Occupancy is the fraction of time that vehicles are present at a point in space.
- Operating Organization (also known as carriers) are primarily concerned with operating fleets to provide transportation services.
- Overhead Sign provides means of displaying essential traffic information on wide multilane roads.
- Parkway is an arterial highway for non-commercial traffic with full or partial control of access, typically located within a park.
- Passing Sight Distance is the minimum distance required on a two-lane highway to allow a driver to complete a passing maneuver without colliding with an opposing vehicle or cutting off the passed vehicle.
- Pavement is the layered structure placed over a soil subgrade to form a road.
- Pavement Deflection refers to the structural adequacy of the pavement section.
- Pavement Distress refers to the condition of a pavement based on its general appearance.
- Pavement Roughness measures how much a road surface deviates from a plane.
- Queue is a delay that occurs when demand for a facility exceeds its capacity.
- Raveling is the wearing away of the pavement surface caused by dislodging of aggregate particles and binder.
- Reaction Time is the total time required for perception, intellection, emotion, and volition from the instant an object comes into view to the instant a driver makes a decision (e.g., to slow down).
- Refraction is the bending of waves as they slow down.
- Regulatory Signs inform road users of traffic laws and regulations that, if disregarded, constitute an offense.
- Plain Concrete Pavement is a type of rigid pavement with no temperature steel or dowels for load transfer.
- Period is the time it takes for two wave crests to pass the same point in space.
- Pier is a berth structure projecting out from the shoreline.
- Plans refer to drawings, typically accompanied by notes, of various aspects or components of a design.
Geotechnical Engineering
- Active Earth Pressure Coefficient is the ratio between lateral and vertical principal effective stresses when an earth retaining structure moves away from a retained soil mass.
- Allowable Bearing Capacity or Safe Bearing Capacity is the working pressure that ensures a margin of safety against collapse of the foundation from shear failure.
- Cohesion is the component of shear strength in a rock or soil that contributes to interparticle friction.
- Consistency describes the degree of firmness of a soil.
- Embedment Depth (D) is the depth below the ground surface where the base of the foundation rests.
- Equipotential Line is a line along which the potential head at all points is equal.
- Factor of Safety or Safety Factor is the ratio of the ultimate net bearing capacity to the allowable bearing capacity or to the applied maximum vertical stress.
- Flow Line is the path a water particle would travel from upstream to downstream in permeable soil medium.
- Flow Net is a combination of flow lines and equipotential lines.
- Footings are small slabs that transfer the load of a structure to the underlying soil.
- Intergranular Stress results from particle-to-particle contact in soil.
- Liquefaction is a process where water-saturated soil sediment temporarily loses strength and acts as a fluid.
- Overburden Pressure is the pressure exerted by the weight of the soil above a particular point.
- Over Consolidated Soil has a present effective overburden pressure that is less than the maximum pressure the soil has experienced in the past.
- Passive Earth Pressure Coefficient is the ratio between lateral and vertical principal effective stresses when an earth retaining structure is forced against a soil mass.
- Pore Water Pressure is the stress induced by water pressures in soil.
- Retaining Wall is a structure whose primary purpose is to prevent lateral movement of earth or other material.
- Shear Strength of soil is its capacity to resist shearing forces.
- Total Stress is the sum of effective and neutral stresses.
- Shallow Foundation is one in which the ratio of embedment depth (Di) to the minimum plan dimension (B) is ≤ 2.5. It transmits the load to the underlying soil.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts in Transportation Engineering, including asphalt concrete, traffic flow, and road design. This quiz covers important terms and definitions that are fundamental to understanding the field. Enhance your understanding of transportation systems and their components.
