Transportation and Tourism

Internal tourism combines domestic and inbound tourism, focusing on activities within a country by both residents and non-residents. National tourism combines domestic and outbound tourism, focusing on the activities of residents both within their own country and abroad.

Inbound tourism involves non-residents traveling to a specific country (e.g., a Japanese tourist visiting the United States). Outbound tourism involves residents of a country traveling to another country (e.g., a Canadian citizen vacationing in Mexico).

Tourism and transportation are interdependent; tourism relies on transportation to facilitate the movement of tourists to various destinations, enabling them to access attractions, amenities and landscapes.

<p>The key components are: routes (e.g., roads), means (e.g., vehicles), control systems (e.g., traffic signals), handling facilities (e.g., bus terminals), and transfer facilities (e.g., airports).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The UNWTO defines tourism as traveling to and staying in places outside one's usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, or other purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport infrastructure refers to the physical elements that support transportation, such as roads and terminals, while the mode of transport refers to the environment in which the transport takes place (air, ground or water).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The definition states that transportation pertains to the activity of transferring not only goods but also people, which is directly connected to tourism because tourism involves the movement of people to various destinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A French citizen travels to Italy for vacation (outbound tourism for France, inbound tourism for Italy). Simultaneously, an American citizen travels to France for a business conference (inbound tourism for France, outbound tourism for the US). This combination of inbound and outbound activities constitutes international tourism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seasonality impacts tourism transport demand due to changes in weather, holidays, or specific events, leading to peaks and troughs in travel. For example, beach destinations often see a surge in visitors during summer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the price of airline tickets increases significantly, budget-conscious tourists might opt for bus or train travel instead. A tour operator could offer package deals that include transportation and accommodation to mitigate the impact of high transport costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>General Passenger Transport caters to the general public, like a commuter train, while Dedicated Tourist Transport is specifically for tourists, such as a chartered bus for a tour group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experiential transport, such as a rickshaw ride, offers tourists an authentic and immersive experience of a historical setting, providing a unique perspective beyond typical sightseeing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Luxury transport offers comfort and high-quality service but can be expensive, while standard options are more affordable, making it a balance between budget and comfort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cities can use bike-sharing programs or hop-on hop-off buses to encourage eco-friendly exploration, reduce congestion, and provide flexible access to attractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multipurpose transport like 'rotels' allow accommodations in remote areas where lodging is scarce, boosting tourism revenue and reducing the need for extensive infrastructure development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Domestic airlines operate within a single country with lower fares due to shorter distances, whereas regional airlines operate within a geographic region, potentially covering multiple countries, and may have different fare structures due to varying operational costs and distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Network carriers use a hub-and-spoke system, centralizing operations through a main hub. Point-to-point carriers operate direct routes between destinations, avoiding hubs. This affects flight scheduling, transfer times and potential flight costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legacy airlines typically offer full service, including amenities like meals and baggage allowance, at higher prices. Low-cost carriers focus on low fares, often charging extra for amenities, and operate with streamlined operations to minimize costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Governments traditionally owned and managed airlines (flag carriers). Over time, many of these airlines have been privatized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The advent of steam power made water transport 'far better' by providing a more reliable and controllable source of propulsion, reducing dependence on wind. This was significant because it allowed for more predictable schedules, increased cargo capacity, and opened up new routes, boosting trade and travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hub-and-spoke system is like a bicycle wheel where the center of the wheel is the hub. Flights radiate from the hub to various destinations (the spokes), allowing passengers to connect easily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boutique airlines often serve smaller airports near high-end destinations or resorts which can save time for passengers headed to those regions. The convenience and access to exclusive destinations outweigh the higher fares for some tourists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Open air/sea travel is described as 'free' because it utilizes natural media (airways, sea routes) and doesn't incur construction costs, while constructed routes like roads and rails are artificial media that require investment. An example of the former is oceanic shipping lanes, and the latter is a railway line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Terminals facilitate the transfer or interchange between modes of transportation, and they provide passengers with smooth transfers to and from major transportation modes. Both functions are crucial for efficient travel because they streamline connections and minimize disruption, ensuring a seamless travel experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air taxis provide private, on-demand air transportation without scheduled routes, typically using smaller aircraft or private jets. Scheduled airlines operate on fixed routes with set timetables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vehicles within the same transport mode share the same environment (e.g., land, water, air). This classification helps in urban planning or tourism management by allowing authorities to regulate traffic, develop infrastructure, and manage resources based on mode-specific needs and impacts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cost influences budget-conscious tourists to choose low-cost carriers. Status/prestige influences travelers who prioritize comfort and image to select premium airlines or services. Budget travelers would prioritize cost, while business travelers might value status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air transportation reduces travel time, making distant destinations more accessible. For example, a tourist can travel from New York to London in approximately 7 hours by air, which would take significantly longer by sea, thus promoting international tourism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited flying time restricts regional airlines to shorter routes and specific destinations within a limited geographical area. They are likely to operate only domestically or within nearby regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High-speed rail is land transportation, ferries are water transportation, and hot air balloons are air transportation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The increase in rental cars has promoted independent travel, allowing tourists to explore destinations at their own pace and access remote areas not easily reached by public transit, thus increasing flexibility and personalization in tourism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electric engines could blur the lines by enabling vehicles to operate in multiple environments, such as electric seaplanes (blending air and water). This innovation could lead to new hybrid transportation modes that don't fit neatly into traditional categories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The activity of transferring goods or people from one destination to another.

Traveling to and staying in places outside usual environment for less than one year for various purposes.

Residents traveling only within their home country.

Non-residents traveling to a given country.

Residents traveling to a country other than their own.

Comprises domestic and inbound tourism activities within a country.

Comprises domestic and outbound tourism activities of residents.

Material conditions including routes, vehicles, and handling facilities for transportation.

Vehicles that share the same environment for mobility.

Transportation means that operate on land, like cars or trains.

Means of transport that operate on water, such as boats and ships.

Vehicles that fly, including airplanes and helicopters.

Paths utilized by different modes of transportation for movement.

Structures allowing smooth transfer between different transport modes.

Transport units like cars, planes, or ships that carry passengers.

Elements include surface (land/water), vehicles, and terminals.

Systems ensuring safety by monitoring aircraft take-offs and landings.

Personnel required for effective operation in travel and tourism transport.

Variation in demand for transport influenced by seasons.

The responsiveness of demand to changes in transportation costs.

Transport designed for the general traveler, not just tourists.

Transport included in tour packages, like chartered coaches.

High-quality transport offering comfort and premium services.

Airlines operating within a single country, like city-to-city flights.

Airlines limited in destinations with 3-6 hours flying time.

Airlines that travel to destinations more than 7 hours away.

Established airlines with international scheduled services, also called full-service carriers.

Airlines offering lower fares, impacting legacy carriers' success.

Companies offering private flight services without scheduled operations.

Premium airlines using small planes, often misclassified as low-cost carriers.

Network structure where flights operate from a hub to various spokes (destinations).

Government-owned airlines, traditionally started to manage national aviation.