Transport Layer Quiz

The transport layer of the TCP/IP model is responsible for providing logical communication between applications. It acts like a middleman, ensuring data is sent and received correctly between applications on different devices.

The Transport Layer is responsible for segmenting large amounts of data into smaller packets and reassembling them at the destination. This ensures efficient and reliable data transfer.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is connection-oriented, meaning it establishes a reliable connection before transferring data. It guarantees that data is delivered in the correct order and that all packets are received.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is connectionless, meaning it doesn't require a pre-established connection. It prioritizes speed over reliability, making it suitable for applications that can tolerate some data loss.

Port numbers are used to identify specific application processes running on a device. They act like address labels for applications within the network.

TCP is used for scenarios that require reliable data delivery, such as downloading large files or transferring sensitive information. It ensures all data reaches its destination without errors.

UDP is used for applications that prioritize speed over accuracy. Its connectionless nature makes it suitable for real-time communication like video calls or online gaming.

The TCP three-way handshake is a process that establishes a reliable connection between two devices. It involves a series of messages to ensure both devices are ready for communication.

The sequence number in a TCP header indicates the order in which data segments should be reassembled at the destination. This ensures data is received in the correct order.

The acknowledgment number in a TCP header indicates the next byte that the receiver expects. It helps keep track of data received and prevent duplicates.

Flow control in TCP is a mechanism that adjusts the rate of data transmission based on the receiving device's capacity. It prevents network congestion and ensures smooth data flow.

The maximum segment size (MSS) in TCP represents the maximum amount of data that a receiving device can handle in a single packet. It helps optimize data transfer efficiency.

The FIN flag in a TCP segment signals the termination of the connection. It indicates that the sender is no longer sending data and is ready to close the connection.

The UDP checksum field is used to detect errors in the datagram header and data. It helps ensure data integrity and prevent corrupted packets.

TCP is considered stateful because it maintains a record of the communication session. It keeps track of the data sent, received, and acknowledgments, ensuring reliability.

Well-known ports are reserved for common services and applications, such as HTTP (port 80) or DNS (port 53). They make it easier to identify and connect to specific services.

Ephemeral ports are dynamically assigned by the client's operating system when establishing a connection. They are temporary and unique to each connection.

The command netstat is used to monitor network connections. It displays information about active connections, listening ports, and overall network activity.

If a TCP segment arrives with the correct sequence number but the data is out of order, the destination device reorders the segments based on the sequence numbers. It ensures data is assembled in the correct sequence.

Live video streams, which typically use UDP, can tolerate some data loss. If a few video packets are lost, there may be a brief glitch or some missing frames, but the stream usually continues without interruption.

A web server differentiates between multiple client requests by combining the source IP address and the source port number of each client. This unique combination acts as a unique identifier for each client connection.

TCP guarantees data delivery, while UDP does not. TCP provides a mechanism for data delivery that ensures arrival and correct order of data, making it suitable for reliable communication.

The destination port number identifies the specific application process on the receiving device that the data is intended for. It acts like a doorbell that directs the data to the correct application.