TCP/IP Transport Layer
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of TCP?

  • To deliver datagrams between applications
  • To provide a best-effort delivery protocol
  • To establish a connection between the sender and the receiver only
  • To provide reliability and flow control (correct)

What is the main difference between TCP and UDP?

  • TCP is a best-effort delivery protocol, while UDP is a reliable protocol
  • TCP is a stateless protocol, while UDP is a stateful protocol
  • TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, while UDP is a connectionless protocol (correct)
  • TCP is a connectionless protocol, while UDP is a connection-oriented protocol

What is the term used to describe UDP's delivery method?

  • Best-effort delivery (correct)
  • Flow-controlled delivery
  • Reliable delivery
  • Connection-oriented delivery

What is the purpose of sequencing data in TCP?

<p>To ensure data is delivered in a specific order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe TCP's ability to track information sent or received between the client and server?

<p>Stateful protocol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if data is not acknowledged in TCP after a certain amount of time?

<p>The data is retransmitted (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of UDP?

<p>It has very little overhead and data checking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is TCP known as a connection-oriented protocol?

<p>Because it requires an established connection between the sender and the receiver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source port number associated with?

<p>The originating application on the local host (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a socket?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of well-known port numbers?

<p>0 to 1,023 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of well-known port numbers?

<p>To enable clients to easily identify the associated service required (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of port numbers are assigned by IANA to a requesting entity?

<p>Registered port numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of registered port numbers?

<p>To allow individual applications to receive a unique port number (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the source and destination ports placed within the packet?

<p>Within the segment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the combination of the source IP address and source port number known as?

<p>A socket (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the netstat command?

<p>To verify connections and identify security threats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol uses port number 21?

<p>File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - Control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of ephemeral ports?

<p>1024-49151 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol uses port number 443?

<p>Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the well-known port number 53?

<p>Domain Name Service (DNS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which port number is registered by Cisco for RADIUS server authentication?

<p>1812 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol uses port number 23?

<p>Secure Shell (SSH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who assigns port numbers dynamically when a connection is initiated?

<p>The client's OS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flow control in TCP?

<p>To adjust the rate of data flow between source and destination. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when congestion occurs on a network?

<p>Packets are discarded by the overloaded router. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical Maximum Segment Size (MSS) when using IPv4?

<p>1460 bytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of UDP in terms of overhead?

<p>Low overhead (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does TCP handle congestion?

<p>By employing several congestion handling mechanisms, timers, and algorithms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Ethernet maximum transmission unit (MTU)?

<p>It determines the Maximum Segment Size. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using UDP over TCP?

<p>Low overhead (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Selective ACK (SACK) in TCP?

<p>To explicitly acknowledge which segments were received, including discontinuous segments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of the TCP connections in the netstat output?

<p>ESTABLISHED (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the port number in TCP communication?

<p>To identify the specific server process or application (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a server application is assigned to a specific port?

<p>The server becomes open and accepting connections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the FIN flag indicate in a TCP segment?

<p>The end of a data stream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the third step in the TCP connection establishment process?

<p>The client acknowledges the server (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an individual server cannot have two services assigned to the same port number?

<p>The server does not allow multiple services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the transport layer in TCP communication?

<p>To accept and process segments addressed to a port (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the netstat command?

<p>To display active connections and port numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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